Raab Marcel, Fasang Anette Eva, Karhula Aleksi, Erola Jani
WZB Berlin Social Science Center, Reichpietschufer 50, D-10785, Berlin, Germany,
Demography. 2014 Dec;51(6):2127-54. doi: 10.1007/s13524-014-0341-6.
Sibling studies have been widely used to analyze the impact of family background on socioeconomic and, to a lesser extent, demographic outcomes. We contribute to this literature with a novel research design that combines sibling comparisons and sequence analysis to analyze longitudinal family-formation trajectories of siblings and unrelated persons. This allows us to scrutinize in a more rigorous way whether sibling similarity exists in family-formation trajectories and whether siblings' shared background characteristics, such as parental education and early childhood family structure, can account for similarity in family formation. We use Finnish register data from 1987 through 2007 to construct longitudinal family-formation trajectories in young adulthood for siblings and unrelated dyads (N = 14,257 dyads). Findings show that family formation is moderately but significantly more similar for siblings than for unrelated dyads, also after controlling for crucial parental background characteristics. Shared parental background characteristics add surprisingly little to account for sibling similarity in family formation. Instead, gender and the respondents' own education are more decisive forces in the stratification of family formation. Yet, family internal dynamics seem to reinforce this stratification such that siblings have a higher probability to experience similar family-formation patterns. In particular, patterns that correspond with economic disadvantage are concentrated within families. This is in line with a growing body of research highlighting the importance of family structure in the reproduction of social inequality.
兄弟姐妹研究已被广泛用于分析家庭背景对社会经济的影响,以及在较小程度上对人口统计学结果的影响。我们通过一种新颖的研究设计为这一文献做出了贡献,该设计将兄弟姐妹比较和序列分析相结合,以分析兄弟姐妹和非亲属的纵向家庭形成轨迹。这使我们能够以更严谨的方式审视家庭形成轨迹中是否存在兄弟姐妹相似性,以及兄弟姐妹共有的背景特征,如父母教育程度和幼儿期家庭结构,是否能够解释家庭形成中的相似性。我们使用1987年至2007年的芬兰登记数据,为兄弟姐妹和非亲属二元组(N = 14257个二元组)构建了青年期的纵向家庭形成轨迹。研究结果表明,在控制了关键的父母背景特征之后,兄弟姐妹的家庭形成相似程度适中但显著高于非亲属二元组。共有的父母背景特征对解释兄弟姐妹在家庭形成中的相似性贡献惊人地小。相反,性别和受访者自身的教育程度在家庭形成分层中是更具决定性的因素。然而,家庭内部动态似乎强化了这种分层,使得兄弟姐妹经历相似家庭形成模式的概率更高。特别是,与经济劣势相对应的模式集中在家庭内部。这与越来越多强调家庭结构在社会不平等再生产中的重要性的研究相一致。