Bédard Alexandra, Corneau Louise, Lamarche Benoît, Dodin Sylvie, Lemieux Simone
Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, 2440 Hochelaga Boulevard, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6 ; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pavillon Paul-Comtois, Laval University, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6.
Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, 2440 Hochelaga Boulevard, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6.
J Nutr Metab. 2014;2014:424130. doi: 10.1155/2014/424130. Epub 2014 Oct 9.
Objective. To document sex differences in the impact of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on glucose/insulin homeostasis and to verify whether these sex-related effects were associated with changes in nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA). Methods. All foods were provided to 38 men and 32 premenopausal women (24-53 y) during 4 weeks. Variables were measured during a 180 min OGTT before and after the MedDiet. Results. A sex-by-time interaction for plasma insulin iAUC was found (men: -17.8%, P = 0.02; women: +9.4%, P = 0.63; P for sex-by-time interaction = 0.005). A sex-by-time interaction was also observed for insulin sensitivity (Cederholm index, P = 0.03), for which only men experienced improvements (men: +8.1%, P = 0.047; women: -5.9%, P = 0.94). No sex difference was observed for glucose and C-peptide responses. Trends toward a decrease in NEFA AUC (P = 0.06) and an increase in NEFA suppression rate (P = 0.06) were noted, with no sex difference. Changes in NEFA were not associated with change in insulin sensitivity. Conclusions. Results suggest that the more favorable changes in glucose/insulin homeostasis observed in men compared to women in response to the MedDiet are not explained by sex differences in NEFA response. This clinical trial is registered with clinicaltrials.gov NCT01293344.
目的。记录地中海饮食（MedDiet）对葡萄糖/胰岛素稳态影响中的性别差异，并验证这些与性别相关的效应是否与非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）的变化有关。方法。在4周内为38名男性和32名绝经前女性（24 - 53岁）提供所有食物。在MedDiet前后的180分钟口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）期间测量各项变量。结果。发现血浆胰岛素iAUC存在性别×时间交互作用（男性：-17.8%，P = 0.02；女性：+9.4%，P = 0.63；性别×时间交互作用的P = 0.005）。胰岛素敏感性（Cederholm指数，P = 0.03）也观察到性别×时间交互作用，只有男性有改善（男性：+8.1%，P = 0.047；女性：-5.9%，P = 0.94）。葡萄糖和C肽反应未观察到性别差异。注意到NEFA AUC有下降趋势（P = 0.06）和NEFA抑制率有上升趋势（P = 0.06），且无性别差异。NEFA的变化与胰岛素敏感性的变化无关。结论。结果表明，与女性相比，男性在MedDiet作用下观察到的葡萄糖/胰岛素稳态更有利变化不能用NEFA反应的性别差异来解释。本临床试验已在clinicaltrials.gov注册，注册号为NCT01293344。
