Wolmarans P, Langenhoven M L, van Eck M, Swanepoel A S
Research Institute for Nutritional Diseases of the South African Medical Research Council, Parowvallei, CP.
S Afr Med J. 1989 Feb 18;75(4):167-71.
A dietary survey done in 1979 on a randomly selected 15% subsample (454 males and 659 females, 15-64 years old) of the 1979 Coronary Risk Factor Study (CORIS) population showed that this population consumed a typical Western diet. In order to identify specific weaknesses in the dietary habits of the population, additional analyses were performed on the data. Foods consumed by the respondents were grouped into 8 groups and the percentage contribution of each of these food groups to total energy intake, total macronutrients, dietary cholesterol and dietary fibre intake was determined. A reference, an 8.4 MJ diet, calculated according to the prudent diet guidelines, was also analysed as described above. The results showed that the CORIS respondents' dietary intake compared unfavourably with the values of the reference diet. The meat group was the main source of total fat, saturated fat and dietary cholesterol. The fat group was the second most important source of total fat in the diet, while the milk group was the second most important source of saturated fat. The study population preferred refined cereals and had a low fruit and vegetable intake. These results revealed specific shortcomings in the dietary habits of the CORIS population and emphasised the need for changes necessary to meet the requirements for a prudent diet.
1979年对1979年冠心病风险因素研究（CORIS）人群中随机抽取的15%子样本（454名男性和659名女性，年龄在15至64岁之间）进行的一项饮食调查显示，该人群的饮食是典型的西方饮食。为了确定该人群饮食习惯中的具体弱点，对数据进行了进一步分析。将受访者食用的食物分为8组，并确定了这些食物组中每组对总能量摄入、总宏量营养素、膳食胆固醇和膳食纤维摄入的贡献百分比。还按照上述方法分析了根据谨慎饮食指南计算的8.4兆焦耳参考饮食。结果表明，CORIS受访者的饮食摄入量与参考饮食的值相比不理想。肉类组是总脂肪、饱和脂肪和膳食胆固醇的主要来源。脂肪组是饮食中总脂肪的第二重要来源，而奶类组是饱和脂肪的第二重要来源。研究人群偏爱精制谷物，水果和蔬菜摄入量较低。这些结果揭示了CORIS人群饮食习惯中的具体缺点，并强调了为满足谨慎饮食要求而进行必要改变的必要性。
