Buckner-Brown Joyce, Sharify Denise Tung, Blake Bonita, Phillips Tom, Whitten Kathleen
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy, NE, Mailstop K81, Atlanta, GA. E-mail:
Neighborhood House Community Health Program, Seattle, Washington.
Prev Chronic Dis. 2014 Nov 6;11:E194. doi: 10.5888/pcd11.140235.
Residents of many cities lack affordable, quality housing. Economically disadvantaged neighborhoods often have high rates of poverty and crime, few institutions that enhance the quality of its residents' lives, and unsafe environments for walking and other physical activity. Deteriorating housing contributes to asthma-related illness. We describe the redevelopment of High Point, a West Seattle neighborhood, to improve its built environment, increase neighborhood physical activity, and reduce indoor asthma triggers.
High Point is one of Seattle's most demographically diverse neighborhoods. Prior to redevelopment, it had a distressed infrastructure, rising crime rates, and indoor environments that increased asthma-related illness in children and adolescents. High Point residents and partners developed and implemented a comprehensive redevelopment plan to create a sustainable built environment to increase outdoor physical activity and improve indoor environments.
We conducted a retrospective analysis of the High Point redevelopment, organized by the different stages of change in the Community Readiness Model. We also examined the multisector partnerships among government and community groups that contributed to the success of the High Point project.
Overall quality of life for residents improved as a result of neighborhood redevelopment. Physical activity increased, residents reported fewer days of poor physical or mental health, and social connectedness between neighbors grew. Asthma-friendly homes significantly decreased asthma-related illness among children and adolescents.
Providing affordable, quality housing to low-income families improved individual and neighborhood quality of life. Efforts to create social change and improve the health outcomes for entire populations are more effective when multiple organizations work together to improve neighborhood health.
许多城市的居民缺乏经济适用的优质住房。经济弱势社区往往贫困率和犯罪率高，提升居民生活质量的机构寥寥无几，步行及其他体育活动的环境也不安全。住房条件恶化会引发与哮喘相关的疾病。我们描述了西雅图西部社区海岬高地的重建情况，以改善其建筑环境，增加社区体育活动，并减少室内哮喘诱发因素。
海岬高地是西雅图人口构成最多样化的社区之一。在重建之前，它的基础设施破旧，犯罪率不断上升，室内环境增加了儿童和青少年与哮喘相关疾病的发病几率。海岬高地的居民和合作伙伴制定并实施了一项全面的重建计划，以打造一个可持续的建筑环境，增加户外体育活动，改善室内环境。
我们按照社区准备度模型中的不同变化阶段，对海岬高地的重建进行了回顾性分析。我们还研究了政府与社区团体之间促成海岬高地项目成功的多部门伙伴关系。
社区重建使居民的整体生活质量得到了改善。体育活动增加，居民报告身心健康不佳的天数减少，邻里之间的社会联系增强。适宜哮喘患者居住的房屋显著减少了儿童和青少年与哮喘相关的疾病。
为低收入家庭提供经济适用的优质住房改善了个人和社区的生活质量。当多个组织共同努力改善社区健康状况时，为实现社会变革和改善全体人群健康结果所做的努力会更有效。
