Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5 Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1Y 4E9
Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1Y 4E9.
Hum Reprod Update. 2015 Mar-Apr;21(2):228-48. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmu058. Epub 2014 Nov 5.
Emerging evidence from clinical and epidemiological studies suggests that dietary polyphenols play an important role in the prevention of chronic diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders. Although these beneficial health claims are supported by experimental data for many subpopulation groups, some studies purport that excessive polyphenol consumption may have negative health effects in other subpopulations. The ever-growing interest and public awareness surrounding the potential benefits of natural health products and polyphenols, in addition to their widespread availability and accessibility through nutritional supplements and fortified foods, has led to increased consumption throughout gestation. Therefore, understanding the implications of polyphenol intake on obstetrical health outcomes is of utmost importance with respect to safe consumption during pregnancy.
Using relevant keywords, a literature search was performed to gather information regarding polyphenol pharmacology and the molecular mechanisms by which polyphenols exert their biological effects. The primary focus of this paper is to understand the relevance of these findings in the context of reproductive physiology and medicine.
Evidence from both in vitro experiments and in vivo studies using animals and humans demonstrates that polyphenols regulate key targets related to oxidative stress, inflammation and advanced glycation end products. Although the majority of these studies have been conducted in the context of chronic diseases, such as cancer and diabetes, several of the key targets influenced by polyphenols are also related to a variety of obstetrical complications, including pre-eclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction and preterm birth. Polyphenols have also been shown to influence fertility and sexual development, fetal health and the bioavailability of nutrients.
Further research leading to a thorough understanding of the physiological roles and potential clinical value that polyphenol consumption may play in pregnancy is urgently needed to help inform patient safety.
来自临床和流行病学研究的新证据表明，膳食多酚在预防包括癌症、心血管疾病、糖尿病和神经退行性疾病在内的慢性疾病方面发挥着重要作用。尽管许多亚人群的实验数据支持这些有益的健康声称，但一些研究声称，过多的多酚摄入可能对其他亚人群产生负面影响。由于对天然保健品和多酚的潜在益处的兴趣日益增加，公众意识不断提高，再加上通过营养补充剂和强化食品广泛获得和可获得，多酚的摄入量在整个孕期都有所增加。因此，了解多酚摄入对产科健康结果的影响对于怀孕期间的安全消费至关重要。
使用相关关键字进行文献检索，以收集有关多酚药理学以及多酚发挥其生物学作用的分子机制的信息。本文的主要重点是了解这些发现与生殖生理学和医学的相关性。
来自体外实验和使用动物和人类的体内研究的证据表明，多酚调节与氧化应激、炎症和晚期糖基化终产物相关的关键靶标。尽管这些研究大多数是在癌症和糖尿病等慢性疾病的背景下进行的，但多酚影响的几个关键靶标也与多种产科并发症有关，包括子痫前期、宫内生长受限和早产。多酚还被证明会影响生育能力和性发育、胎儿健康和营养素的生物利用度。
迫切需要进一步的研究，以彻底了解多酚摄入在怀孕期间可能发挥的生理作用和潜在临床价值，从而帮助告知患者安全。
