de Visser Richard O, Badcock Paul B, Simpson Judy M, Grulich Andrew E, Smith Anthony M A, Richters Juliet, Rissel Chris
School of Psychology, Pevensey 1, University of Sussex, Falmer BN1 9QH, UK.
Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, La Trobe University, 215 Franklin Street, Melbourne, Vic. 3000, Australia.
Sex Health. 2014 Nov;11(5):397-405. doi: 10.1071/SH14099.
Background Attitudes towards sex and relationships influence laws about what is and is not permissible and social sanctions against behaviours considered unacceptable. They are an important focus for research given their links to sexual behaviour. The aim of the present study was to describe attitudes towards sex and relationships, to identify correlates of scores on a scale of sexual liberalism and to examine responses to jealousy-evoking scenarios among Australian adults.
Computer-assisted landline and mobile telephone interviews were completed by a population-representative sample of 20094 men and women aged 16-69 years. The overall participation rate among eligible people was 66.2%. Respondents expressed their agreement with 11 attitude statements, five of which formed a valid scale of liberalism, and also responded to a jealousy-evoking scenario.
There was general agreement that premarital sex was acceptable (87%), that sex was important for wellbeing (83%) and that sex outside a committed relationship was unacceptable (83%). Respondents were accepting of homosexual behaviour and abortion and few believed that sex education encouraged earlier sexual activity. More liberal attitudes were associated with: being female; speaking English at home; homosexual or bisexual identity; not being religious; greater education; and higher incomes. Respondents who expressed more liberal attitudes had more diverse patterns of sexual experience. Predicted sex differences were found in response to the jealousy-evoking scenario - men were more jealous of a partner having sex with someone else and women were more jealous of a partner forming an emotional attachment - but responses varied with age.
Sexual attitudes of Australians largely support a permissive but monogamous paradigm. Since 2002, there has been a shift to less tolerance of sex outside a committed relationship, but greater acceptance of homosexual behaviour.
背景 对性和恋爱关系的态度影响着关于什么是允许的、什么是不允许的法律，以及对被认为不可接受行为的社会制裁。鉴于它们与性行为的关联，它们是研究的一个重要焦点。本研究的目的是描述对性和恋爱关系的态度，确定性自由主义量表得分的相关因素，并考察澳大利亚成年人对引发嫉妒情景的反应。
通过对20094名年龄在16 - 69岁的男女进行具有人口代表性的样本，完成了计算机辅助的固定电话和移动电话访谈。符合条件者的总体参与率为66.2%。受访者对11条态度陈述表达了他们的同意程度，其中5条构成了一个有效的自由主义量表，并且还对一个引发嫉妒的情景做出了回应。
普遍认为婚前性行为是可以接受的（87%），性对幸福很重要（83%），而在忠诚恋爱关系之外的性行为是不可接受的（83%）。受访者接受同性恋行为和堕胎，很少有人认为性教育会鼓励更早的性活动。更自由的态度与以下因素相关：女性；在家说英语；同性恋或双性恋身份；无宗教信仰；受教育程度更高；以及收入更高。表达更自由态度的受访者有更多样化的性经历模式。在对引发嫉妒情景的反应中发现了预期的性别差异——男性对伴侣与他人发生性行为更嫉妒，而女性对伴侣形成情感依恋更嫉妒——但反应随年龄而变化。
澳大利亚人的性态度在很大程度上支持一种宽容但一夫一妻制的模式。自2002年以来，对忠诚恋爱关系之外性行为的容忍度有所下降，但对同性恋行为的接受度有所提高。
