Anderson Kristen G, Sitney Miranda, White Helene R
1Department of Psychology, Reed College , Portland, Oregon , USA.
Subst Use Misuse. 2015 Feb;50(3):292-301. doi: 10.3109/10826084.2014.977396. Epub 2014 Nov 14.
Background. Motivational models for marijuana use have focused on reasons to use marijuana, but rarely consider motives to abstain.
We examined how both adolescent marijuana abstinence motives and use motives contribute to marijuana use and problems at the end of emerging adulthood. Methods. 434 community recruited youth who had not initiated marijuana use at baseline were followed from adolescence (at ages 12, 15, and 18 years) into emerging adulthood (age 25 years). Motives to abstain and to use marijuana, marijuana consumption, and marijuana-related problems were assessed across time. Results. Endorsing more motives to abstain from marijuana across adolescence predicted less marijuana use in emerging adulthood and fewer marijuana-related problems when controlling for past motives to abstain and marijuana-related behavior. Positive reinforcement use motives related to increased marijuana consumption and problems, and negative reinforcement motives predicted problems when controlling for past marijuana use motives and behaviors. Expansion motives during adolescence related to lower marijuana use in emerging adulthood. When considered together, motives to abstain buffered the effect of negative reinforcement motives on outcomes at age 25 for youth endorsing a greater number of abstinence motives. Conclusions/ Implications. Given these findings, inclusion of both motives to use and abstain is warranted within comprehensive models of marijuana use decision making and may provide important markers for prevention and intervention specialists.
背景。大麻使用的动机模型侧重于使用大麻的原因，但很少考虑戒除的动机。
我们研究了青少年戒除大麻的动机和使用动机如何在成年初期结束时导致大麻使用及相关问题。方法。对434名在基线时未开始使用大麻的社区招募青年进行跟踪，从青少年期（12岁、15岁和18岁）到成年初期（25岁）。对戒除和使用大麻的动机、大麻消费及与大麻相关的问题进行了跨时间评估。结果。在控制过去的戒除动机和与大麻相关的行为后，在青少年期认可更多戒除大麻的动机预示着成年初期大麻使用较少且与大麻相关的问题较少。积极强化使用动机与大麻消费增加及问题相关，消极强化动机在控制过去的大麻使用动机和行为后预示着问题。青少年期的扩展动机与成年初期较低的大麻使用相关。综合考虑时，对于认可更多戒除动机的青年，戒除动机缓冲了消极强化动机对25岁时结果的影响。结论/启示。鉴于这些发现，在大麻使用决策的综合模型中纳入使用和戒除动机是有必要的，这可能为预防和干预专家提供重要指标。
