Tyagi Anupama, Cohen Marc, Reece John, Telles Shirley
RMIT, West Campus, Building 201, Level 4, Bundoora, Vic 3083, Australia.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Nov 15;14:445. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-445.
Stress places a metabolic burden on homeostasis and is linked to heightened sympathetic activity, increased energy expenditure and pathology. The yogic state is a hypometabolic state that corresponds with mind-body coherence and reduced stress. This study aimed to investigate metabolic responses to stress and different yoga practices in regular yoga practitioners (YP), non-yoga practitioners (NY) and metabolic syndrome patients (MS).
YP (n = 16), NY (n = 15) and MS (n = 15) subjects underwent an experimental protocol that comprised of different 5-minute interventions including mental arithmetic stress test (MAST), alternate nostril breathing (ANB), Kapabhati breathing (KB) and meditation (Med) interspersed with 5 minutes of quiet resting (neutral condition (NC)). During the intervention periods continuous body weight adjusted oxygen consumption (VO2ml/min/kg) was measured using open circuit indirect calorimetry with a canopy hood.
This is the first study to report oxygen consumption (OC) in yoga practitioners during and after MAST and the first to report both within and between different populations. The results were analysed with SPSS 16 using 3X9 mixed factorial ANOVAs. The single between-subject factor was group (YP, NY and MS), the single within-subject factor was made up of the nine intervention phases (NC1, MAST, NC2, ANB, NC3, KB, NC4, Med, NC5). The results demonstrated that the regular YP group had significantly less OC and greater variability in their OC across all phases compared to the MS group (p = .003) and NY group (p = .01). All groups significantly raised their OC during the mental arithmetic stress, however the MS group had a significantly blunted post-stress recovery whereas the YP group rapidly recovered back to baseline levels with post stress recovery being greater than either the NY group or MS group.
Yoga practitioners have greater metabolic variability compared to non-yoga practitioners and metabolic syndrome patients with reduced oxygen requirements during resting conditions and more rapid post-stress recovery. OC in metabolic syndrome patients displays significantly blunted post-stress recovery demonstrating reduced metabolic resilience. Our results support the findings of previous randomised trials that suggest regular yoga practice may mitigate against the effects of metabolic syndrome.
ACTRN12614001075673; Date of Registration: 07/10/2014.
压力给体内平衡带来代谢负担，并与交感神经活动增强、能量消耗增加及病理状态相关。瑜伽状态是一种低代谢状态，与身心协调及压力减轻相对应。本研究旨在调查有规律的瑜伽练习者（YP）、非瑜伽练习者（NY）和代谢综合征患者（MS）对应激及不同瑜伽练习的代谢反应。
YP组（n = 16）、NY组（n = 15）和MS组（n = 15）的受试者接受了一项实验方案，该方案包括不同的5分钟干预，包括心算应激测试（MAST）、交替鼻孔呼吸（ANB）、卡巴呼吸法（KB）和冥想（Med），其间穿插5分钟的安静休息（中性状态（NC））。在干预期间，使用带有面罩的开路间接量热法测量连续体重校正的耗氧量（VO2ml/分钟/千克）。
这是第一项报告MAST期间及之后瑜伽练习者耗氧量（OC）的研究，也是第一项报告不同人群内部及之间OC情况的研究。使用SPSS 16软件，通过3X9混合因子方差分析对结果进行分析。单一的受试者间因素是组别（YP、NY和MS），单一的受试者内因素由九个干预阶段组成（NC1、MAST、NC2、ANB、NC3、KB、NC4、Med、NC5）。结果表明，与MS组（p = 0.003）和NY组（p = 0.01）相比，有规律的YP组在所有阶段的OC显著更低，且OC的变异性更大。在进行心算应激期间，所有组的OC均显著升高，然而MS组应激后恢复明显迟钝，而YP组迅速恢复到基线水平，应激后恢复情况优于NY组和MS组。
与非瑜伽练习者和代谢综合征患者相比，瑜伽练习者具有更大的代谢变异性，在静息状态下需氧量降低，应激后恢复更快。代谢综合征患者的OC应激后恢复明显迟钝，表明代谢弹性降低。我们的结果支持先前随机试验的结果，即有规律的瑜伽练习可能减轻代谢综合征的影响。
ACTRN12614001075673；注册日期：2014年10月7日。
