Erbguth F, Himmerich H
Klinik für Neurologie, Klinikum Nürnberg - Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität, Breslauer Str. 201, 90471, Nürnberg, Deutschland,
Nervenarzt. 2014 Dec;85(12):1501-11. doi: 10.1007/s00115-013-3975-5.
"Healthy" diets and supplements are widely used for prevention and disease modification in vascular, inflammatory and degenerative neurological diseases. Apart from a large number of cross-sectional and prospective cohort studies, there are only few interventional studies on individual dietary measures. A recent study confirmed the stroke preventive effect of a Mediterranean diet rich in olive oil and nuts; a ketogenic diet reduces seizure frequency in epilepsy. Supplementation of riboflavin, magnesium and coenzyme Q10 are probably effective in migraine prophylaxis. Creatine can improve muscle strength in muscular dystrophy and myositis. There is insufficient evidence to recommend any of the many dietary supplements, such as vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids and other substances for the prevention or improvement of all other neurological diseases. This review critically evaluates the present data on the role of nutrition and dietary supplements in neurological diseases.
“健康”饮食和补充剂被广泛用于预防血管性、炎症性和退行性神经疾病以及改善病情。除了大量的横断面研究和前瞻性队列研究外，关于个体饮食措施的干预性研究很少。最近一项研究证实了富含橄榄油和坚果的地中海饮食对预防中风的作用；生酮饮食可降低癫痫发作频率。补充核黄素、镁和辅酶Q10可能对预防偏头痛有效。肌酸可改善肌肉萎缩症和肌炎患者的肌肉力量。没有足够的证据推荐众多膳食补充剂中的任何一种，如维生素、ω-3脂肪酸和其他物质，用于预防或改善所有其他神经疾病。本综述批判性地评估了目前关于营养和膳食补充剂在神经疾病中作用的数据。
