Kruszewski A Z, Lang S H, Johnson J E
Nurs Res. 1979 Mar-Apr;28(2):103-5.
An intramuscular injection into a relaxed muscle is believed to result in less discomfort than an injection into a contracted muscle. When the femur is internally rotated, the gluteus maximus muscle is relaxed. The hypothesis that a dorsogluteal injection with the femur internally rotated will cause less discomfort than when the femur is externally rotated was tested in 44 surgical patients who received two injections of preoperative medication. Each patient received an injection of a narcotic medication and one of diazepam. All possible combinations of the factors--position (internal and external rotation), order of injection (first or second injection), and medication (narcotic or diazepam)--were determined, and patients were randomly assigned to one of these conditions. Patients rated their perceived discomfort after each injection on a five-point scale. The hypothesis was supported by discomfort ratings from injections of both types of medications, although diazepam injections caused significantly more discomfort than injections of narcotics. Older patients tended to report less discomfort from diazepam injections than younger patients. Sex, order of injection, and nurse administering the injection did not significantly influence discomfort ratings.
人们认为，在放松的肌肉中进行肌肉注射比在收缩的肌肉中注射带来的不适更少。当股骨内旋时，臀大肌会放松。在44名接受两次术前用药注射的外科手术患者中，对“股骨内旋时进行臀大肌注射比股骨外旋时注射引起的不适更少”这一假设进行了测试。每位患者接受一次麻醉药物注射和一次地西泮注射。确定了所有可能的因素组合——姿势（内旋和外旋）、注射顺序（第一次或第二次注射）和药物（麻醉药或地西泮），并将患者随机分配到其中一种情况。患者在每次注射后用五点量表对他们感受到的不适程度进行评分。尽管地西泮注射引起的不适明显多于麻醉药注射，但两种药物注射的不适评分都支持了这一假设。老年患者地西泮注射后的不适往往比年轻患者少。性别、注射顺序和注射护士对不适评分没有显著影响。
