School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
J Clin Nurs. 2018 Jan;27(1-2):e242-e250. doi: 10.1111/jocn.13923. Epub 2017 Nov 20.
This study aimed to determine the influences of gender, BMI and observed body shape on subcutaneous fat and muscle thicknesses, and theoretical injection outcome, at the ventrogluteal and dorsogluteal intramuscular injection sites.
Debate continues as to whether the dorsogluteal or ventrogluteal injection site is more reliable for a successful intramuscular injection outcome. Subcutaneous fat and muscle thicknesses at the injection site are direct determinants of intramuscular injection outcome. BMI and observed body shape influence gluteal subcutaneous fat and muscle thicknesses, and therefore injection outcome, with potentially distinct effects at the ventrogluteal and dorsogluteal sites.
This was a cross-sectional study.
Demographic data were collected, and subcutaneous fat and muscle thicknesses were quantified bilaterally at the dorsogluteal and ventrogluteal injection sites using ultrasound, for 145 participants (57% female).
Subcutaneous fat and muscle were significantly thicker at the dorsogluteal than the ventrogluteal site, and 75% and 86% of participants would receive a successful intramuscular injection at these sites, respectively. There were significant effects of gender, BMI and observed body shape on subcutaneous fat thickness and theoretical injection outcome at both sites. Females, obese individuals and endomorph individuals had thicker subcutaneous fat and were more likely to have a subcutaneous injection outcome.
Gender, BMI and observed body shape could be used to guide site and needle length selection when administering gluteal intramuscular injections to increase the likelihood of a successful intramuscular injection outcome.
Both gluteal injection sites should be avoided in obese individuals and endomorph individuals. An intramuscular injection will be successful: using a 32-mm needle at the ventrogluteal site for all males and normal-weight females and using a 38-mm needle for all females at the ventrogluteal site, and for all males and at least 98% of females at the dorsogluteal site.
本研究旨在确定性别、BMI 和观察到的体型对臀肌内注射的腹侧和背侧肌内注射部位的皮下脂肪和肌肉厚度的影响，以及理论上的注射效果。
关于臀肌内注射的更可靠部位是背侧还是腹侧，仍存在争议。注射部位的皮下脂肪和肌肉厚度是肌内注射效果的直接决定因素。BMI 和观察到的体型影响臀肌的皮下脂肪和肌肉厚度，从而影响注射效果，对腹侧和背侧部位可能有不同的影响。
这是一项横断面研究。
收集人口统计学数据，并使用超声对 145 名参与者（57%为女性）双侧的臀肌内注射的背侧和腹侧注射部位的皮下脂肪和肌肉厚度进行定量分析。
与腹侧部位相比，背侧部位的皮下脂肪和肌肉明显更厚，分别有 75%和 86%的参与者在这些部位可接受成功的肌内注射。性别、BMI 和观察到的体型对两个部位的皮下脂肪厚度和理论注射效果均有显著影响。女性、肥胖者和内胚层体型者的皮下脂肪较厚，更有可能出现皮下注射效果。
在进行臀肌肌内注射时，可以根据性别、BMI 和观察到的体型来指导选择注射部位和针长，以增加成功进行肌内注射的可能性。
肥胖者和内胚层体型者应避免使用两个臀肌注射部位。在所有男性和正常体重女性中，使用 32mm 长的针头在腹侧部位进行肌内注射，在所有女性中，使用 38mm 长的针头在腹侧部位进行肌内注射，在所有男性和至少 98%的女性中，使用 38mm 长的针头在背侧部位进行肌内注射，均可获得成功的注射效果。
