Partridge S R, Juan S J-H, McGeechan K, Bauman A, Allman-Farinelli M
Discipline of Nutrition and Metabolism, School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Obes Rev. 2015 Jan;16(1):13-31. doi: 10.1111/obr.12233. Epub 2014 Nov 18.
Young adulthood is a high-risk life stage for weight gain. Evidence is needed to translate behavioural approaches into community practice to prevent weight gain in young adults. This systematic review assessed the effectiveness and reporting of external validity components in prevention interventions. The search was limited to randomized controlled trial (RCT) lifestyle interventions for the prevention of weight gain in young adults (18-35 years). Mean body weight and/or body mass index (BMI) change were the primary outcomes. External validity, quality assessment and risk of bias tools were applied to all studies. Twenty-one RCTs were identified through 14 major electronic databases. Over half of the studies were effective in the short term for significantly reducing body weight and/or BMI; however, few showed long-term maintenance. All studies lacked full reporting on external validity components. Description of the intervention components and participant attrition rates were reported by most studies. However, few studies reported the representativeness of participants, effectiveness of recruitment methods, process evaluation detail or costs. It is unclear from the information reported how to implement the interventions into community practice. Integrated reporting of intervention effectiveness and enhanced reporting of external validity components are needed for the translation and potential upscale of prevention strategies.
青年期是体重增加的高风险生命阶段。需要有证据将行为方法转化为社区实践，以预防年轻人体重增加。本系统评价评估了预防干预措施中外部效度成分的有效性及报告情况。检索限于针对预防18至35岁年轻人体重增加的随机对照试验（RCT）生活方式干预措施。平均体重和/或体重指数（BMI）变化是主要结局指标。对所有研究应用了外部效度、质量评估和偏倚风险工具。通过14个主要电子数据库识别出21项RCT。超过半数的研究在短期内能有效显著降低体重和/或BMI；然而，很少有研究显示出长期维持效果。所有研究均缺乏对外部效度成分的完整报告。大多数研究报告了干预成分及参与者损耗率。然而，很少有研究报告参与者的代表性、招募方法的有效性、过程评估细节或成本。从所报告的信息中尚不清楚如何将这些干预措施应用于社区实践。为了将预防策略转化并可能扩大规模，需要对干预效果进行综合报告，并加强对外部效度成分的报告。
