Rasmussen Martin Krøyer, Zamaratskaia Galia
Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Denmark ; INSERM U1040, University of Montpellier, France.
Department of Food Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala, Sweden.
Comput Struct Biotechnol J. 2014 Sep 10;11(19):106-12. doi: 10.1016/j.csbj.2014.09.003. eCollection 2014 Sep.
Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) is the major family of enzymes involved in the metabolism of several xenobiotic and endogenous compounds. Among substrates for CYP450 is the tryptophan metabolite skatole (3-methylindole), one of the major contributors to the off-odour associated with boar-tainted meat. The accumulation of skatole in pigs is highly dependent on the hepatic clearance by CYP450s. In recent years, the porcine CYP450 has attracted attention both in relation to meat quality and as a potential model for human CYP450. The molecular regulation of CYP450 mRNA expression is controlled by several nuclear receptors and transcription factors that are targets for numerous endogenously and exogenously produced agonists and antagonists. Moreover, CYP450 expression and activity are affected by factors such as age, gender and feeding. The regulation of porcine CYP450 has been suggested to have more similarities with human CYP450 than other animal models, including rodents. This article reviews the available data on porcine hepatic CYP450s and its implications for boar taint.
细胞色素P450（CYP450）是参与多种外源性和内源性化合物代谢的主要酶家族。CYP450的底物之一是色氨酸代谢产物粪臭素（3-甲基吲哚），它是公猪异味肉相关异味的主要贡献者之一。粪臭素在猪体内的积累高度依赖于CYP450s的肝脏清除作用。近年来，猪CYP450在肉质方面以及作为人类CYP450的潜在模型都受到了关注。CYP450 mRNA表达的分子调控由几种核受体和转录因子控制，这些受体和转录因子是许多内源性和外源性产生的激动剂和拮抗剂的作用靶点。此外，CYP450的表达和活性受年龄、性别和喂养等因素影响。有人认为猪CYP450的调控与人类CYP450的相似性比其他动物模型（包括啮齿动物）更高。本文综述了关于猪肝脏CYP450及其对公猪异味影响的现有数据。
Zotero 插件