Marro Philipp, Wesoly Raffael, Stefanski Volker
Department of Behavioral Physiology of Livestock, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
German Genetic Schweinezuchtverband Baden-Württemberg e.V., 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Mar 13;14(6):888. doi: 10.3390/ani14060888.
One of the primary substances responsible for the unpleasant odor in boar meat is skatole. Enzymes belonging to the cytochrome P450 (CYP) family play a pivotal role in the hepatic clearance of skatole. This study aimed to investigate the impact of oregano essential oil (OEO), extract (SC), and garlic essential oil (GEO) on hepatic CYP2E1 and CYP2A activity in pigs. In three consecutive trials, cannulated castrated male pigs were provided with a diet containing 0.2-0.3% of one of these plant extracts. Following a 14-day feeding period, the animals were slaughtered, and liver and fat samples were collected. The findings indicate that the activities of CYP2E1 were unaffected by any treatment. However, GEO treatment demonstrated a significant reduction in CYP2A activity ( < 0.05). Pigs treated with GEO also exhibited a notable increase in skatole concentrations in both plasma and adipose tissue. In contrast, animals fed SC displayed elevated skatole concentrations in plasma but not in fat tissue. OEO did not influence skatole concentrations in either blood or fat. Furthermore, the study revealed that a supplementation of 6 g GEO per animal per day induced a significant increase in skatole concentrations in blood plasma within 24 h.
造成公猪肉难闻气味的主要物质之一是粪臭素。细胞色素P450（CYP）家族的酶在粪臭素的肝脏清除中起关键作用。本研究旨在调查牛至精油（OEO）、提取物（SC）和大蒜精油（GEO）对猪肝脏CYP2E1和CYP2A活性的影响。在连续三项试验中，给插管阉割的雄性猪提供含有0.2 - 0.3%这些植物提取物之一的日粮。经过14天的饲养期后，宰杀动物并采集肝脏和脂肪样本。研究结果表明，CYP2E1的活性不受任何处理的影响。然而，GEO处理使CYP2A活性显著降低（<0.05）。用GEO处理的猪在血浆和脂肪组织中的粪臭素浓度也显著增加。相比之下，喂食SC的动物血浆中粪臭素浓度升高，但脂肪组织中未升高。OEO对血液或脂肪中的粪臭素浓度均无影响。此外，研究还表明，每只动物每天补充6 g GEO可在24小时内使血浆中粪臭素浓度显著增加。
