Zdor R E
Department of Biology, Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI, USA.
J Appl Microbiol. 2015 Feb;118(2):267-74. doi: 10.1111/jam.12697. Epub 2014 Dec 18.
The ability of bacteria to influence organisms that they associate with via metabolite production is one of the hallmarks of microbial interactions. One metabolite of interest is the metabolic poison cyanide. Production of this metabolite is an unique characteristic of certain bacteria that inhabit a wide array of habitats ranging from the human body to the rhizosphere. This review focuses on four targets of cyanogenic bacteria: the human lung, plant pathogens, plants and invertebrates. For a number of cyanogenic bacteria, the contribution of cyanide to the interaction has been rigorously tested using mutants altered in cyanide production. Both deleterious and stimulatory effects of cyanogenic bacteria on other organisms have been documented. In addition, the HCN synthase-encoding gene cluster hcnABC has served as a marker of cyanogenic capability in the soil environment revealing both genetic diversity at this locus and regulatory influences by other organisms. The pervasive nature of cyanogenesis in a number of different ecological contexts encourages exploration of this bacterial ability and its possible optimization for improving human health, crop production and pest control.
细菌通过代谢产物的产生来影响与其相关联的生物体的能力是微生物相互作用的标志之一。一种值得关注的代谢产物是代谢毒物氰化物。这种代谢产物的产生是某些细菌的独特特征，这些细菌栖息于从人体到根际等广泛的生境中。本综述聚焦于产氰细菌的四个作用对象：人类肺部、植物病原体、植物和无脊椎动物。对于许多产氰细菌，利用氰化物产生发生改变的突变体，已对氰化物在相互作用中的作用进行了严格测试。产氰细菌对其他生物体的有害和刺激作用均有记载。此外，编码HCN合酶的基因簇hcnABC已作为土壤环境中产氰能力的标志物，揭示了该位点的遗传多样性以及其他生物体的调控影响。氰化作用在许多不同生态环境中的普遍存在促使人们探索这种细菌能力及其可能的优化，以改善人类健康、作物生产和害虫防治。
