Malik Diksha, Kumar Satish, Sindhu Satyavir S
Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004 India.
3 Biotech. 2025 Apr;15(4):82. doi: 10.1007/s13205-025-04243-3. Epub 2025 Mar 9.
Several beneficial microbial strains inhibit the growth of different phytopathogens and commercialized worldwide as biocontrol agents (BCAs) for plant disease management. These BCAs employ different strategies for growth inhibition of pathogens, which includes production of antibiotics, siderophores, lytic enzymes, bacteriocins, hydrogen cyanide, volatile organic compounds, biosurfactants and induction of systemic resistance. The efficacy of antagonistic strains could be further improved through genetic engineering for better disease suppression in sustainable farming practices. Some antagonistic microbial strains also possess plant-growth-promoting activities and their inoculation improved plant growth in addition to disease suppression. This review discusses the characterization of antagonistic microbes and their antimicrobial metabolites, and the application of these BCAs for disease control. The present review also provides a comprehensive summary of the genetic organization and regulation of the biosynthesis of different antimicrobial metabolites in antagonistic strains. Use of molecular engineering to improve production of metabolites in BCAs and their efficacy in disease control is also discussed. The application of these biopesticides will reduce use of conventional pesticides in disease control and help in achieving sustainable and eco-friendly agricultural systems.
几种有益微生物菌株能够抑制不同植物病原体的生长，并作为植物病害管理的生物防治剂（BCAs）在全球范围内商业化。这些生物防治剂采用不同的策略来抑制病原体的生长，包括产生抗生素、铁载体、裂解酶、细菌素、氰化氢、挥发性有机化合物、生物表面活性剂以及诱导系统抗性。通过基因工程可以进一步提高拮抗菌株的功效，以便在可持续农业实践中更好地抑制病害。一些拮抗菌株还具有促进植物生长的活性，接种它们除了能抑制病害外，还能促进植物生长。本文综述了拮抗菌的特性及其抗菌代谢产物，以及这些生物防治剂在病害防治中的应用。本综述还全面总结了拮抗菌株中不同抗菌代谢产物生物合成的基因组织和调控。还讨论了利用分子工程提高生物防治剂中代谢产物的产量及其在病害防治中的功效。这些生物农药的应用将减少传统农药在病害防治中的使用，并有助于实现可持续和生态友好型农业系统。
