Julia Chantal, Touvier Mathilde, Méjean Caroline, Ducrot Pauline, Péneau Sandrine, Hercberg Serge, Kesse-Guyot Emmanuelle
Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), UMR 1153 Inserm, U1125 INRA, CNAM, Paris 5 University, Paris 7 University, F-93017, Bobigny, France; and Public Health Department, Avicenne Hospital (AP-HP), Bobigny, France
Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), UMR 1153 Inserm, U1125 INRA, CNAM, Paris 5 University, Paris 7 University, F-93017, Bobigny, France; and.
J Nutr. 2014 Dec;144(12):2009-17. doi: 10.3945/jn.114.199679. Epub 2014 Oct 1.
Nutrient profiling systems could be useful public health tools as a basis for front-of-package nutrition labeling, advertising regulations, or food taxes. However, their ability beyond characterization of foods to adequately characterize individual diets necessitates further investigation.
The objectives of this study were 1) to calculate a score at the individual level based on the British Food Standard Agency (FSA) food-level nutrient profiling system of each food consumed, and 2) to evaluate the validity of the resulting diet-quality score against food group consumption, nutrient intake, and sociodemographic and lifestyle variables.
A representative sample of the French population was selected from the NutriNet-Santé Study (n = 4225). Dietary data were collected through repeated 24-h dietary records. Sociodemographic and lifestyle data were self-reported. All foods consumed were characterized by their FSA nutrient profile, and the energy intake from each food consumed was used to compute FSA-derived aggregated scores at the individual level. A score of adherence to French nutritional recommendations [Programme National Nutrition Santé guideline score (PNNS-GS)] was computed as a comparison diet-quality score. Associations between food consumption, nutritional indicators, lifestyle and sociodemographic variables, and quartiles of aggregated scores were investigated using ANOVAs and linear regression models.
Participants with more favorable scores consumed higher amounts of fruits [difference Δ = 156 g/d between quartile 1 (less favorable) and quartile 4 (most favorable), P < 0.001], vegetables (Δ = 85 g/d, P < 0.001), and fish, and lower amounts of snack foods (Δ = -72 g/d, P < 0.001 for sugary snacks); they also had higher vitamin and mineral intakes and lower intakes of saturated fat. Participants with more favorable scores also had a higher adherence to nutritional recommendations measured with the PNNS-GS (Δ = 2.13 points, P < 0.001). Women, older subjects, and higher-income subjects were more likely to have more favorable scores.
Our results show adequate validity of the FSA nutrient profiling system to characterize individual diets in a French context. The NutriNet-Santé Study was registered in the European Clinical Trials Database (EudraCT) as 2013-000929-31.
营养成分剖析系统可作为包装正面营养标签、广告监管或食品税的基础，成为有用的公共卫生工具。然而，其在描述食物之外充分描述个人饮食的能力仍需进一步研究。
本研究的目的是：1）根据英国食品标准局（FSA）的食物层面营养成分剖析系统，计算个体所摄入的每种食物的得分；2）针对食物组消费、营养素摄入量以及社会人口统计学和生活方式变量，评估所得饮食质量得分的有效性。
从NutriNet-Santé研究中选取了具有代表性的法国人群样本（n = 4225）。通过重复的24小时饮食记录收集饮食数据。社会人口统计学和生活方式数据由参与者自行报告。所摄入的所有食物均根据其FSA营养成分进行特征描述，并使用每种所摄入食物的能量摄入量来计算个体层面基于FSA得出的综合得分。计算出法国营养建议依从性得分[国家营养与健康计划指南得分（PNNS-GS）]作为对照饮食质量得分。使用方差分析和线性回归模型研究食物消费、营养指标、生活方式和社会人口统计学变量与综合得分四分位数之间的关联。
得分更优的参与者摄入了更多的水果[第一四分位数（较差）与第四四分位数（最优）之间的差异Δ = 156克/天，P < 0.001]、蔬菜（Δ = 85克/天，P < 0.001）和鱼类，而零食摄入量较少（含糖零食的Δ = -72克/天，P < 0.001）；他们还摄入了更多的维生素和矿物质，饱和脂肪摄入量较低。得分更优的参与者对PNNS-GS所衡量的营养建议的依从性也更高（Δ = 2.13分，P < 0.001）。女性、年长者和高收入者得分更优的可能性更大。
我们的结果表明，在法国背景下，FSA营养成分剖析系统在描述个体饮食方面具有足够的有效性。NutriNet-Santé研究已在欧洲临床试验数据库（EudraCT）中注册，注册号为2013-000929-31。
