Byun Wonwoo, Ozemek Cemal, Riggin Katrina, Strath Scott, Kaminsky Leonard
1 Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA ; 2 Master of Public Health Program, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA ; 3 Clinical Exercise Physiology Program, Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, USA ; 4 Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation Program, Indiana University Health - Ball Memorial Hospital, Muncie, IN, USA ; 5 Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA ; 6 Center for Aging and Translational Research, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2014 Oct;4(5):406-10. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-3652.2014.10.06.
Cardiac patients would benefit from increasing their physical activity (PA) levels. Understanding of factors that influence cardiac patients' PA participation would benefit the development of effective interventions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine correlates of objectively-measured PA in cardiac patients. Participants were 65 cardiac patients (74% male, 95% white), age 58.6±10.6 years. The amount of time spent in PA was measured by ActiGraph GT3X accelerometers for 7 days prior to joining cardiac rehabilitation programs (CRP). A total of 25 potential determinants of PA across multiple domains (demographic, clinical, psychosocial, and behavioral) were measured via self-reported questionnaire and clinical examinations. Backward elimination model selection procedures were performed to examine associations of potential determinants with total PA (min/day) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) (min/day). Patients spent 153.8±62.8 and 8.4±8.1 min/day in total PA and MVPA, respectively. Across four domains, ten and five potential correlates were found to be significant in univariate analyses for MVPA and total PA, respectively. In the final model, functional capacity, PA readiness, and participation in regular exercise were positively associated with MVPA (R(2) =26.6%). Functional capacity and PA readiness were also positively associated with total PA (R(2) =15.9%). Future initiatives to increase PA levels in cardiac patients could be improved by considering patients' functional capacity, PA readiness, and exercise history in designing interventions.
心脏病患者若能提高其身体活动（PA）水平，将会从中受益。了解影响心脏病患者参与身体活动的因素，将有助于制定有效的干预措施。因此，本研究的目的是确定心脏病患者中客观测量的身体活动的相关因素。研究参与者为65名心脏病患者（男性占74%，白人占95%），年龄为58.6±10.6岁。在参加心脏康复计划（CRP）之前，通过ActiGraph GT3X加速度计测量7天的身体活动时间。通过自我报告问卷和临床检查，对多个领域（人口统计学、临床、心理社会和行为）中总共25个可能的身体活动决定因素进行了测量。采用向后剔除模型选择程序，以检验潜在决定因素与总身体活动（分钟/天）和中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA，分钟/天）之间的关联。患者每天进行总身体活动和中度至剧烈身体活动的时间分别为153.8±62.8分钟和8.4±8.1分钟。在四个领域中，单因素分析发现分别有10个和5个潜在相关因素与中度至剧烈身体活动和总身体活动显著相关。在最终模型中，功能能力、身体活动准备情况和定期锻炼的参与与中度至剧烈身体活动呈正相关（R(2)=26.6%）。功能能力和身体活动准备情况也与总身体活动呈正相关（R(2)=15.9%）。在设计干预措施时考虑患者的功能能力、身体活动准备情况和运动史，可能会改善未来提高心脏病患者身体活动水平的举措。
