Valizadeh Leila, Janani Raheleh, Janani Leila, Galechi Fatemeh
Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran.
Nurs Midwifery Stud. 2014 Jun;3(2):e18037. Epub 2014 Jun 15.
The vital issue of protecting the airway and maintaining ventilation in preterm infants makes tracheal suctioning an important procedure. The decision to use closed or open endotracheal suction method depends on the clinical status of infants and the nurses' skills and preferences.
The current study aimed to compare the two methods based on the perceptions of the nurses working in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU).
A comparative-descriptive study carried out on 35 NICU nurses in Taleghani and Al-Zahra teaching hospitals in Tabriz, Iran, in 2013. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaire (13 Items). Data analysis, including t-test was performed using SPSS Ver. 13. A P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically sig-nificant.
According to the nurses' point of view, there are differences between characteristics of open and closed endotracheal suctioning methods (P < 0.001). By using closed endotracheal suction, the risk of traumatizing airway, developing pneumonia, increasing intracranial pressure, prolonging emergency suctioning, developing intra-ventricular hemorrhage, blood stream infection, physiological instability and lowering positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) are reduced. Meanwhile, lower cost, lower risk of extubation, comfort and easy washing procedure were reported as advantages of open suction.
Closed endotracheal suctioning was evaluated to be better than the open method in the preterm neonates. More studies, especially experimental and efficient cost analysis, are recommended.
保护早产儿气道和维持通气这一至关重要的问题使得气管抽吸成为一项重要操作。采用封闭式或开放式气管内抽吸方法的决策取决于婴儿的临床状况以及护士的技能和偏好。
本研究旨在根据新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）护士的认知比较这两种方法。
2013年在伊朗大不里士的塔莱加尼和阿尔 - 扎赫拉教学医院对35名NICU护士进行了一项比较描述性研究。通过自填式问卷（13项）收集数据。使用SPSS 13版进行数据分析，包括t检验。P≤0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
根据护士的观点，开放式和封闭式气管内抽吸方法的特点存在差异（P < 0.001）。采用封闭式气管内抽吸可降低气道创伤、发生肺炎、颅内压升高、紧急抽吸时间延长、发生脑室内出血、血流感染、生理不稳定以及降低呼气末正压（PEEP）的风险。同时，开放式抽吸的优点包括成本较低、拔管风险较低、舒适度高以及清洗程序简便。
在早产儿中，封闭式气管内抽吸被评估为优于开放式方法。建议开展更多研究，尤其是实验性研究和有效的成本分析。
