Behr Anja, Meyer Roger, Holzhausen Martin, Kuhlmey Adelheid, Schenk Liane
Institut für Medizinische Soziologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin.
Institut für Biometrie und Klinische Epidemiologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin.
Pflege. 2014 Dec;27(6):369-80. doi: 10.1024/1012-5302/a000390.
A fundamental aim of social science and for practitioners is the improvement of the quality of life of inpatients residing in long term care homes. Health, as a vital part of quality of life, gains in subjective importance with rising age.
This paper aims to analyse the aspects of «Intact mental abilities» and "Mobility" thorough in terms of the subjective quality of life of nursing home residents.
nine male and 33 female inpatients of eight independent nursing homes within Berlin and surrounding regions have been interviewed using narrative guidance questions. The interviewees were selected by the interviewer participating in their day to day life and through the means of direct conversations with the respective persons. The following analysis is based on Bohnsack's documentary method.
Findings suggest that it is important for the interviewees to retain their mental abilities up until old age to be capable of acting autonomously and independently controlling their own life. The respondents not only perceive the loss of their own cognitive abilities as problematic, but also that of their cohabitants, as such impedes social contacts. Another key component of well-being deems to be the ability "to walk", in other words, mobility is basis for retaining self-determination and facilitates to participate in activities within the nursing homes.
Nursing home residents should receive tailored support in cognitive abilities. In addition, interested residents should receive enhanced information about the disease of dementia. The mobility should be largely preserved more close to everyday life movement offers available towards the residents.
社会科学以及从业者的一个基本目标是提高长期护理机构中住院患者的生活质量。健康作为生活质量的重要组成部分，随着年龄增长，其主观重要性日益增加。
本文旨在从养老院居民的主观生活质量方面深入分析“心智健全能力”和“行动能力”的各个方面。
对柏林及周边地区八家独立养老院的9名男性和33名女性住院患者进行了访谈，采用叙述性引导问题。访谈者通过参与受访者的日常生活以及与他们直接对话的方式挑选受访者。以下分析基于博恩萨克的文献法。
研究结果表明，对受访者来说，在老年时保持心智健全能力对于能够自主行动和独立掌控自己的生活很重要。受访者不仅认为自己认知能力的丧失是个问题，也认为同居者认知能力的丧失存在问题，因为这会妨碍社交。幸福的另一个关键要素被认为是“行走”能力，换句话说，行动能力是保持自主决定权的基础，有助于参与养老院的活动。
养老院居民应在认知能力方面得到量身定制的支持。此外，感兴趣的居民应获得更多关于痴呆症的信息。应更贴近居民的日常生活活动，在很大程度上保留其行动能力。
