1] Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, National Orchid Conservation Center of China and Orchid Conservation and Research Center of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China. [2] Center for Biotechnology and BioMedicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene &Antibody Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Health Science &Technology (prep) and Division of Life &Health Sciences, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China. [3] School of Life Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
Nat Genet. 2015 Jan;47(1):65-72. doi: 10.1038/ng.3149. Epub 2014 Nov 24.
Orchidaceae, renowned for its spectacular flowers and other reproductive and ecological adaptations, is one of the most diverse plant families. Here we present the genome sequence of the tropical epiphytic orchid Phalaenopsis equestris, a frequently used parent species for orchid breeding. P. equestris is the first plant with crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) for which the genome has been sequenced. Our assembled genome contains 29,431 predicted protein-coding genes. We find that contigs likely to be underassembled, owing to heterozygosity, are enriched for genes that might be involved in self-incompatibility pathways. We find evidence for an orchid-specific paleopolyploidy event that preceded the radiation of most orchid clades, and our results suggest that gene duplication might have contributed to the evolution of CAM photosynthesis in P. equestris. Finally, we find expanded and diversified families of MADS-box C/D-class, B-class AP3 and AGL6-class genes, which might contribute to the highly specialized morphology of orchid flowers.
兰科植物以其壮观的花朵和其他生殖及生态适应性而闻名，是最多样化的植物科之一。本文呈现了热带附生兰花蝴蝶兰的基因组序列，蝴蝶兰是兰花育种中常用的亲本物种。蝴蝶兰是第一个被测序的具有景天酸代谢（CAM）的植物。我们组装的基因组包含 29431 个预测的蛋白编码基因。我们发现，由于杂合性，可能被低估组装的基因组序列富含可能参与自交不亲和途径的基因。我们发现了一个兰花特有的古老多倍体事件的证据，该事件发生在大多数兰花进化枝辐射之前，我们的结果表明，基因复制可能促成了蝴蝶兰 CAM 光合作用的进化。最后，我们发现 MADS-box C/D 类、B 类 AP3 和 AGL6 类基因的家族发生了扩张和多样化，这可能有助于兰花花朵的高度特化形态。
