Orgeta Vasiliki, Leung Phuong
University College London, London, UK.
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2015 Jan;28(1):57-65. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000116.
Carers of people with dementia are at increased risk of experiencing psychological distress. This article reviews recent findings on the role of personality traits for psychological outcomes for carers of people with dementia.
Several studies have now established that personality influences the caregiving experience, carer well-being and outcomes such as coping ability, burden and caregiving style. Several moderators of these associations have also been identified such as the effect of kinship and type of dementia. There is consistent evidence that carer personality characteristics influence the progression of the disease such as cognitive decline and severity. Most of the recent studies identified in this review are cross-sectional.
Taken together, these results indicate that personality is an important psychological resource for carers. Recent findings indicate that personality traits are associated with and influence both carer and patient outcomes. Future research is necessary to guide interventions and to expand further on our understanding of how personality factors shape adjustment to the caregiving role and how these impact on the progression of the disease.
痴呆症患者的照料者出现心理困扰的风险增加。本文综述了近期关于人格特质对痴呆症患者照料者心理结果影响的研究发现。
多项研究现已证实，人格会影响照料体验、照料者的幸福感以及应对能力、负担和照料方式等结果。这些关联的若干调节因素也已被确定，如亲属关系和痴呆症类型的影响。有一致的证据表明，照料者的人格特征会影响疾病的进展，如认知衰退和严重程度。本综述中确定的大多数近期研究都是横断面研究。
综上所述，这些结果表明人格是照料者重要的心理资源。近期研究发现表明，人格特质与照料者和患者的结果相关并会产生影响。未来有必要开展研究以指导干预措施，并进一步拓展我们对人格因素如何塑造对照料角色的适应以及这些因素如何影响疾病进展的理解。
