a Departament de Salut Pública; Universitat de Barcelona; Barcelona, Spain.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2014;10(8):2378-86. doi: 10.4161/hv.29142.
Primary healthcare workers, especially nurses, are exposed to the vast majority of patients with influenza and play an important role in vaccinating patients. Healthcare workers' misconceptions about influenza and influenza vaccination have been reported as possible factors associated with lack of vaccination. The objective of this study was to compare the characteristics of unvaccinated physicians and unvaccinated nurses in the 2011-2012 influenza season. We performed an anonymous web survey of Spanish primary healthcare workers in 2012. Information was collected on vaccination and knowledge of and attitudes to the influenza vaccine. Multivariate analysis was performed using unconditional logistic regression. We included 461 unvaccinated physicians and 402 unvaccinated nurses. Compared with unvaccinated nurses, unvaccinated physicians had more frequently received seasonal influenza vaccination in the preceding seasons (aOR 1.58; 95% CI 1.11-2.25), and more frequently believed that vaccination of high risk individuals is effective in reducing complications (aOR 2.53; 95% CI 1.30-4.95) and that influenza can be a serious illness (aOR 1.65; 95% CI 1.17-2.32). In contrast, unvaccinated physicians were less concerned about infecting patients (aOR 0.62; 95% CI 0.40-0.96). Unvaccinated nurses had more misconceptions than physicians about influenza and the influenza vaccine and more doubts about the severity of annual influenza epidemics in patients with high risk conditions and the prevention of complications by means of the influenza vaccination. For unvaccinated physicians, strategies to improve vaccination coverage should stress the importance of physicians as a possible source of infection of their patients. The effectiveness of influenza vaccination of high risk persons should be emphasized in nurses.
初级保健工作者，尤其是护士，接触到绝大多数流感患者，在为患者接种疫苗方面发挥着重要作用。医护人员对流感和流感疫苗的误解被认为是与疫苗接种不足相关的可能因素之一。本研究的目的是比较 2011-2012 年流感季节未接种疫苗的医生和护士的特征。我们于 2012 年对西班牙初级保健工作者进行了匿名网络调查。收集了有关疫苗接种以及对流感疫苗的认知和态度的信息。采用非条件逻辑回归进行多变量分析。我们纳入了 461 名未接种疫苗的医生和 402 名未接种疫苗的护士。与未接种疫苗的护士相比，未接种疫苗的医生在前几个季节更频繁地接种季节性流感疫苗（调整后的优势比[aOR]1.58；95%置信区间[CI]1.11-2.25），并且更频繁地认为为高危人群接种疫苗可有效减少并发症（aOR 2.53；95%CI 1.30-4.95），且流感可能是一种严重疾病（aOR 1.65；95%CI 1.17-2.32）。相比之下，未接种疫苗的医生较少担心感染患者（aOR 0.62；95%CI 0.40-0.96）。与医生相比，未接种疫苗的护士对流感和流感疫苗存在更多误解，对高危人群中年度流感流行的严重程度以及流感疫苗接种预防并发症的疑虑也更多。对于未接种疫苗的医生，提高疫苗接种覆盖率的策略应强调医生作为其患者感染源的重要性。应向护士强调为高危人群接种流感疫苗的有效性。
