多层次组成分馏工艺用于小麦秸秆纤维素的高值化利用。
Multilevel composition fractionation process for high-value utilization of wheat straw cellulose.
机构信息
State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.1 Zhongguancun North Second Street, Haidian District Beijing, 100190 PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.1 Zhongguancun North Second Street, Haidian District Beijing, 100190 PR China ; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District Beijing, 100049 PR China.
出版信息
Biotechnol Biofuels. 2014 Nov 18;7(1):137. doi: 10.1186/s13068-014-0137-3. eCollection 2014.
BACKGROUND
Biomass refining into multiple products has gained considerable momentum due to its potential benefits for economic and environmental sustainability. However, the recalcitrance of biomass is a major challenge in bio-based product production. Multilevel composition fractionation processes should be beneficial in overcoming biomass recalcitrance and achieving effective conversion of multiple compositions of biomass. The present study concerns the fractionation of wheat straw using steam explosion, coupled with ethanol extraction, and that this facilitates the establishment of sugars and lignin platform and enables the production of regenerated cellulose films.
RESULTS
The results showed that the hemicellulose fractionation yield was 73% under steam explosion at 1.6 MPa for 5.2 minutes, while the lignin fractionation yield was 90% by ethanol extraction at 160°C for 2 hours and with 60% ethanol (v/v). The cellulose yield reached up to 93% after steam explosion coupled with ethanol extraction. Therefore, cellulose sugar, hemicellulose sugar, and lignin platform were established effectively in the present study. Long fibers (retained by a 40-mesh screening) accounted for 90% of the total cellulose fibers, and the glucan conversion of short fibers was 90% at 9.0 hours with a cellulase loading of 25 filter paper units/g cellulose in enzymatic hydrolysis. Regenerated cellulose film was prepared from long fibers using [bmim]Cl, and the tensile strength and breaking elongation was 120 MPa and 4.8%, respectively. The cross-section of regenerated cellulose film prepared by [bmim]Cl displayed homogeneous structure, which indicated a dense architecture and a better mechanical performance.
CONCLUSIONS
Multilevel composition fractionation process using steam explosion followed by ethanol extraction was shown to be an effective process by which wheat straw could be fractionated into different polymeric fractions with high yields. High-value utilization of wheat straw cellulose was achieved by preparing regenerated cellulose film using [bmim]Cl.
背景
由于在经济和环境可持续性方面具有潜在的优势，生物质精炼成多种产品已得到了广泛关注。然而，生物质的顽固性是生物基产品生产的主要挑战。多层次组成分级过程应该有利于克服生物质的顽固性，并实现生物质多种成分的有效转化。本研究涉及使用蒸汽爆破对小麦秸秆进行分级，再结合乙醇提取，从而为建立糖和木质素平台以及生产再生纤维素薄膜奠定基础。
结果
结果表明，在 1.6 MPa 下蒸汽爆破 5.2 分钟，半纤维素分级收率为 73%；在 160°C 下用 60%乙醇（v/v）提取 2 小时，木质素分级收率为 90%。蒸汽爆破结合乙醇提取后，纤维素收率高达 93%。因此，本研究有效地建立了纤维素糖、半纤维素糖和木质素平台。长纤维（保留在 40 目筛上）占总纤维素纤维的 90%，用纤维素酶用量为 25 滤纸单位/g 纤维素，在酶解 9.0 小时时，短纤维的葡聚糖转化率达到 90%。从长纤维中用[bmim]Cl 制备再生纤维素薄膜，拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别为 120 MPa 和 4.8%。用[bmim]Cl 制备的再生纤维素薄膜的横截面显示出均匀的结构，这表明具有致密的结构和更好的机械性能。
结论
使用蒸汽爆破 followed by 乙醇提取的多层次组成分级过程被证明是一种有效的方法，可以将小麦秸秆分级成不同的高分子级分，收率高。用[bmim]Cl 制备再生纤维素薄膜实现了小麦秸秆纤维素的高值利用。
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