Azizyan Avetis, Albrektson Joshua R, Maya Marcel M, Pressman Barry D, Moser Franklin
Department of Radiology, Cedars Sinai Hospital, Los Angeles, USA.
J Radiol Case Rep. 2014 Aug 31;8(8):1-6. doi: 10.3941/jrcr.v8i8.1566. eCollection 2014 Aug.
We report an interesting case of a 19 year old female with findings on MRI suggestive of viral encephalitis. An extensive workup was negative for infectious causes and she was subsequently diagnosed with anti-NMDA encephalitis. Anti-NMDA encephalitis is a highly lethal but treatable form of autoimmune encephalitis that has recently been characterized. It is frequently found in young women and associated with an underlying teratoma. Although rare, this diagnosis should be considered in young females for whom a rapid onset of encephalitis cannot be explained by more common causes.
我们报告了一例有趣的病例，一名19岁女性，其MRI检查结果提示为病毒性脑炎。全面检查未发现感染性病因，随后她被诊断为抗N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体脑炎。抗NMDA受体脑炎是一种新近被明确的自身免疫性脑炎，极具致死性但可治疗。它常见于年轻女性，且与潜在的畸胎瘤相关。尽管罕见，但对于那些脑炎快速起病无法用更常见病因解释的年轻女性，应考虑这一诊断。
