Selvaraju Thilaga Rati, Khaza'ai Huzwah, Vidyadaran Sharmili, Abd Mutalib Mohd Sokhini, Vasudevan Ramachandran
Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia.
Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2014 Nov 16;14(4):195-204. doi: 10.17305/bjbms.2014.91.
Tocotrienol rich fraction (TRF) is an extract of palm oil, which consists of 25% alpha tocopherol (α-TCP) and 75% tocotrienols. TRF has been shown to possess potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotection, and cholesterol lowering activities. Glutamate is the main excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter in the central nervous system of mammalian, which can be excitotoxic, and it has been suggested to play a key role in neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. In this present study, the effects of vitamin E (TRF and α-TCP) in protecting astrocytes against glutamate injury were elucidated. Astrocytes induced with 180 mM of glutamate lead to significant cell death. However, glutamate mediated cytotoxicity was diminished via pre and post supplementation of TRF and α-TCP. Hence, vitamin E acted as a potent antioxidant agent in recovering mitochondrial injury due to elevated oxidative stress, and enhanced better survivability upon glutamate toxicity.
富含生育三烯酚的组分（TRF）是一种棕榈油提取物，它由25%的α-生育酚（α-TCP）和75%的生育三烯酚组成。TRF已被证明具有强大的抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌、神经保护和降低胆固醇的活性。谷氨酸是哺乳动物中枢神经系统中主要的兴奋性氨基酸神经递质，它可能具有兴奋性毒性，并且有人提出它在帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病等神经退行性疾病中起关键作用。在本研究中，阐明了维生素E（TRF和α-TCP）在保护星形胶质细胞免受谷氨酸损伤方面的作用。用180 mM谷氨酸诱导星形胶质细胞会导致显著的细胞死亡。然而，通过在补充TRF和α-TCP之前和之后，谷氨酸介导的细胞毒性会减弱。因此，维生素E作为一种强大的抗氧化剂，可恢复因氧化应激升高而导致的线粒体损伤，并在谷氨酸毒性作用下提高更好的存活率。
