Leopold Jane A
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women׳s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2015 May;25(4):267-74. doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2014.10.021. Epub 2014 Oct 30.
Vascular calcification is highly prevalent and, when present, is associated with major adverse cardiovascular events. Vascular smooth muscle cells play an integral role in mediating vessel calcification by undergoing differentiation to osteoblast-like cells and generating matrix vesicles that serve as a nidus for calcium-phosphate deposition in the vessel wall. Once believed to be a passive process, it is now recognized that vascular calcification is a complex and highly regulated process that involves activation of cellular signaling pathways, circulating inhibitors of calcification, genetic factors, and hormones. This review will examine several of the key mechanisms linking vascular smooth muscle cells to vessel calcification that may be targeted to reduce vessel wall mineralization and, thereby, reduce cardiovascular risk.
血管钙化非常普遍，一旦出现，就与主要不良心血管事件相关。血管平滑肌细胞在介导血管钙化过程中发挥着不可或缺的作用，它们通过分化为成骨样细胞并产生基质小泡，而基质小泡作为血管壁磷酸钙沉积的核心。血管钙化曾被认为是一个被动过程，现在人们认识到它是一个复杂且高度受调控的过程，涉及细胞信号通路的激活、循环钙化抑制剂、遗传因素和激素。本综述将探讨一些将血管平滑肌细胞与血管钙化联系起来的关键机制，这些机制可能成为靶点以减少血管壁矿化，从而降低心血管风险。
