Wu Shujing, Shan Libo, He Ping
State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Laboratory of Apple Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, and Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Plant Sci. 2014 Nov;228:118-26. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.03.001. Epub 2014 Mar 12.
It has long been observed that microbial elicitors can trigger various cellular responses in plants. Microbial elicitors have recently been referred to as pathogen or microbe-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs or MAMPs) and remarkable progress has been made on research of their corresponding receptors, signaling mechanisms and critical involvement in disease resistance. Plants also generate endogenous signals due to the damage or wounds caused by microbes. These signals were originally called endogenous elicitors and subsequently renamed damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that serve as warning signals for infections. The cellular responses induced by PAMPs and DAMPs include medium alkalinization, ion fluxes across the membrane, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ethylene production. They collectively contribute to plant pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and play an important role in plant basal defense against a broad spectrum of microbial infections. In this review, we provide an update on multiple PTI responses and early signaling mechanisms and discuss its potential applications to improve crop disease resistance.
长期以来，人们一直观察到微生物激发子能在植物中引发各种细胞反应。微生物激发子最近被称为病原体或微生物相关分子模式（PAMPs或MAMPs），并且在其相应受体、信号传导机制以及在抗病性中的关键作用方面的研究取得了显著进展。由于微生物造成的损伤或伤口，植物也会产生内源信号。这些信号最初被称为内源激发子，随后被重新命名为损伤相关分子模式（DAMPs），作为感染的警示信号。由PAMPs和DAMPs诱导的细胞反应包括培养基碱化、跨膜离子通量、活性氧（ROS）和乙烯生成。它们共同促成植物模式触发免疫（PTI），并在植物对广谱微生物感染的基础防御中发挥重要作用。在本综述中，我们提供了关于多种PTI反应和早期信号传导机制的最新信息，并讨论了其在提高作物抗病性方面的潜在应用。
