Zouganelis George D, Ogden Rob, Nahar Niru, Runfola Valeria, Bonab Maziar, Ardalan Arman, Radford David, Barnett Ross, Larson Greger, Hildred Alex, Jones Mark, Scarlett Garry
School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, England, United Kingdom.
Royal Zoological Society of Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Forensic Sci Int. 2014 Dec;245:51-7. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.10.001. Epub 2014 Oct 14.
The Tudor warship the Mary Rose sank in the Solent waters between Portsmouth and the Isle of Wight on the 19th of July 1545, whilst engaging a French invasion fleet. The ship was rediscovered in 1971 and between 1979 and 1982 the entire contents of the ship were excavated resulting in the recovery of over 25,000 objects, including the skeleton of a small to medium sized dog referred to as the Mary Rose Dog (MRD). Here we report the extraction and analysis of both mitochondrial and genomic DNA from a tooth of this animal. Our results show that the MRD was a young male of a terrier type most closely related to modern Jack Russell Terriers with a light to dark brown coat colour. Interestingly, given the antiquity of the sample, the dog was heterozygotic for the SLC2A9 gene variant that leads to hyperuricosuria when found in modern homozygotic animals. These findings help shed light on a notable historical artefact from an important period in the development of modern dog breeds.
都铎王朝的战舰玛丽玫瑰号于1545年7月19日在朴茨茅斯和怀特岛之间的索伦特海峡水域沉没，当时它正在与一支法国入侵舰队交战。该船于1971年被重新发现，1979年至1982年间，船上所有物品被挖掘出来，共找回了25000多件物品，其中包括一只中小型犬的骨架，这只狗被称为玛丽玫瑰犬（MRD）。在此，我们报告了从这只动物的一颗牙齿中提取和分析线粒体DNA和基因组DNA的情况。我们的结果表明，玛丽玫瑰犬是一只年轻的雄性梗类犬，与现代杰克罗素梗关系最为密切，毛色为浅至深棕色。有趣的是，考虑到样本的年代久远，这只狗的SLC2A9基因变体是杂合子，而在现代纯合子动物中发现该变体会导致高尿酸尿症。这些发现有助于揭示现代犬种发展重要时期的一件著名历史文物。
