Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi, Japan.
Front Chem. 2014 Nov 17;2:104. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2014.00104. eCollection 2014.
Metal nanowires (NWs) have attracted much attention because of their high electron conductivity, optical transmittance, and tunable magnetic properties. Metal NWs have been synthesized using soft templates such as surface stabilizing molecules and polymers, and hard templates such as anodic aluminum oxide, mesoporous oxide, carbon nanotubes. NWs prepared from hard templates are composites of metals and the oxide/carbon matrix. Thus, selecting appropriate elements can simplify the production of composite devices. The resulting NWs are immobilized and spatially arranged, as dictated by the ordered porous structure of the template. This avoids the NWs from aggregating, which is common for NWs prepared with soft templates in solution. Herein, the hard template synthesis of metal NWs is reviewed, and the resulting structures, properties and potential applications are discussed.
金属纳米线 (NWs) 由于其高电子导电性、光学透过率和可调磁性能而受到广泛关注。金属 NWs 已经使用软模板（例如表面稳定分子和聚合物）和硬模板（例如阳极氧化铝、介孔氧化物、碳纳米管）合成。由硬模板制备的 NWs 是金属和氧化物/碳基质的复合材料。因此，选择合适的元素可以简化复合器件的生产。所得 NWs 根据模板的有序多孔结构进行固定和空间排列。这避免了 NWs 的聚集，这在溶液中使用软模板制备 NWs 时很常见。本文综述了金属 NWs 的硬模板合成，并讨论了所得结构、性质和潜在应用。
