Kotal Eric R, Sivertson Ryan M, Wolfe Scott P, Lammers Richard L, Overton David T
Department of Emergency Medicine, Western Michigan University School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, Michigan.
J Emerg Med. 2015 Mar;48(3):351-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2014.10.004. Epub 2014 Nov 20.
A number of specialized educational programs (i.e., simulation fellowships) have been developed, but their characteristics are not well known.
We studied the characteristics of existing simulation fellowship programs.
Fellowships were identified and characteristics determined from public sources and direct survey.
Seventeen fellowships were identified. The sponsoring academic unit was emergency medicine in 53%, pediatric emergency medicine in 7%, urology in 7%, emergency medicine/anesthesiology in 13%, and interdisciplinary units in 20%. Fifty-nine percent were open to emergency medicine residency graduates, and 12% were open to either anesthesia or emergency medicine graduates, or 12% to physician graduates of any specialty. One fellowship was open to pediatric emergency medicine graduates only and another specifically to surgically trained physicians. Seventy-eight percent indicated that fellows were required to work clinically as part of the fellowship, averaging 19 hours per week. Twenty-seven percent of fellowships were 1 year in length and 13% were 2 years. Common (47%) was the option of a 1- or 2-year fellowship, with those in the 2-year track earning a graduate degree or certificate. Most programs accepted a single fellow each year, and some accepted either one or two. Fellowships reported a high fill rate.
The 17 identified fellowship programs differed greatly in length, sponsoring academic unit, and prerequisites. The majority require their fellows to provide clinical service. Fellowships reported a high fill rate, suggesting substantial interest in simulation among current residents.
已经开发了许多专业教育项目（即模拟培训项目），但其特点尚不为人所知。
我们研究了现有模拟培训项目的特点。
通过公开资料和直接调查确定培训项目并明确其特点。
确定了17个培训项目。主办学术单位为急诊医学的占53%，儿科急诊医学的占7%，泌尿外科的占7%，急诊医学/麻醉学的占13%，跨学科单位的占20%。59%的项目面向急诊医学住院医师毕业生开放，12%的项目面向麻醉或急诊医学毕业生开放，或12%的项目面向任何专业的医师毕业生开放。一个培训项目仅面向儿科急诊医学毕业生开放，另一个专门面向经过外科培训的医师。78%的项目表示要求学员在培训期间从事临床工作，平均每周19小时。27%的培训项目为期1年，13%的为期2年。常见的（47%）是1年或2年的培训项目选择，2年制的学员可获得研究生学位或证书。大多数项目每年招收一名学员，有些项目招收一至两名。培训项目的报到率很高。
已确定的17个培训项目在时长、主办学术单位和入学要求方面差异很大。大多数项目要求学员提供临床服务。培训项目的报到率很高，表明当前住院医师对模拟培训有浓厚兴趣。
