Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Division of Environmental Health & Risk Management, School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
Sci Total Environ. 2015 Feb 15;506-507:401-8. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.10.056. Epub 2014 Nov 25.
Measurements of 14 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) have been made in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, with a view to establishing the concentrations in this major city, and quantifying the contributions of major sources. Particulate and vapour forms have been sampled and analysed separately. The concentrations are compared to measurements from other sites in the Middle Eastern region and are towards the lower end of the range, being far lower than concentrations reported from Riyadh (Saudi Arabia), Assiut (Egypt) and Tehran (Iran) but broadly similar to those measured in Damascus (Syria) and higher than those measured in Kuwait. The partitioning between vapour and particle phases is similar to that in data from Egypt and China, but with many compounds showing a higher particle-associated percentage than in Birmingham (UK) possibly reflecting a higher concentration of airborne particulate matter in the former countries. Concentrations in Jeddah were significantly higher at a site close to the oil refinery and a site close to a major ring road than at a suburban site to the north of the city. Application of positive matrix factorisation to the pooled data elicited three factors accounting respectively for 17%, 33% and 50% of the measured sum of PAH and these are interpreted as arising from gasoline vehicles, industrial sources, particularly the oil refinery, and to diesel/fuel oil combustion.
已经在沙特阿拉伯的吉达测量了 14 种多环芳烃（PAH），目的是确定这个主要城市的浓度，并量化主要来源的贡献。已分别对颗粒物质和蒸气形式进行了采样和分析。这些浓度与中东地区其他地点的测量值进行了比较，处于较低范围，远低于利雅得（沙特阿拉伯）、艾斯尤特（埃及）和德黑兰（伊朗）的报告浓度，但与大马士革（叙利亚）的测量值大致相似，高于科威特的测量值。蒸气相与颗粒相之间的分配与来自埃及和中国的数据相似，但许多化合物的颗粒相关百分比高于英国伯明翰，这可能反映出前几个国家空气中的颗粒物浓度更高。靠近炼油厂的一个地点和靠近主要环形道路的一个地点的浓度明显高于城市北部郊区的一个地点。对汇总数据应用正矩阵因子分析得出了三个因子，分别占测量的多环芳烃总和的 17%、33%和 50%，这些因子被解释为来自汽油车辆、工业源，特别是炼油厂，以及柴油/燃料油燃烧。
