Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-7090, USA.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2015 Feb;23:23-31. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2014.10.010. Epub 2014 Nov 11.
Intracellular bacterial pathogens can occupy a membrane-bound vacuole or live freely within the cytosol of mammalian cells. Many studies have shown that the enteric bacterium, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium), is a vacuolar pathogen. Recent data, however, have revealed that within epithelial cells there are subpopulations of vacuolar and cytosolic Salmonella. Release from the Salmonella-containing vacuole leads to transcriptional reprogramming of bacteria and their robust replication in the cytosol. Eventually, epithelial cell death via pyroptosis results in cell lysis, proinflammatory cytokine release and escape of the cytosolic bacteria into the extracellular space, providing a potential mechanism of dissemination. This review focuses on the current understanding of this newly described intracellular population of Salmonella.
细胞内细菌病原体可以占据膜结合的空泡或在哺乳动物细胞的细胞质中自由生活。许多研究表明，肠道细菌沙门氏菌血清型 Typhimurium（鼠伤寒沙门氏菌）是一种空泡病原体。然而，最近的数据显示，在肠上皮细胞中存在空泡和细胞质沙门氏菌的亚群。从含沙门氏菌的空泡中释放出来会导致细菌的转录重编程，并在细胞质中进行旺盛的复制。最终，通过细胞焦亡导致上皮细胞死亡，引发炎症细胞因子的释放和细胞质细菌逃到细胞外空间，为其传播提供了一种潜在的机制。这篇综述主要关注对沙门氏菌这种新描述的细胞内群体的当前认识。
