MIT Media Lab and McGovern Institute, Departments of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut-Storrs, Storrs, CT, USA.
Trends Biotechnol. 2015 Feb;33(2):80-91. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2014.10.007. Epub 2014 Nov 12.
The ability to perturb living systems is essential to understand how cells sense, integrate, and exchange information, to comprehend how pathologic changes in these processes relate to disease, and to provide insights into therapeutic points of intervention. Several molecular technologies based on natural photoreceptor systems have been pioneered that allow distinct cellular signaling pathways to be modulated with light in a temporally and spatially precise manner. In this review, we describe and discuss the underlying design principles of natural photoreceptors that have emerged as fundamental for the rational design and implementation of synthetic light-controlled signaling systems. Furthermore, we examine the unique challenges that synthetic protein technologies face when applied to the study of neural dynamics at the cellular and network level.
干扰生命系统的能力对于理解细胞如何感知、整合和交换信息至关重要，有助于理解这些过程中的病理变化与疾病的关系，并为治疗干预的切入点提供深入了解。已经开创了几种基于天然光受体系统的分子技术，这些技术可以用光在时间和空间上精确地调节不同的细胞信号通路。在这篇综述中，我们描述和讨论了作为合理设计和实施合成光控信号系统的基础而出现的天然光受体的基本设计原则。此外，我们还研究了当应用于细胞和网络水平的神经动力学研究时，合成蛋白技术所面临的独特挑战。
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