Pratt Laura A, Brody Debra J
NCHS Data Brief. 2014 Dec(172):1-8.
Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2012. During 2009-2012, 7.6% of Americans aged 12 and over had depression (moderate or severe depressive symptoms in the past 2 weeks). Depression was more prevalent among females and persons aged 40-59. About 3% of Americans aged 12 and over had severe depressive symptoms, while almost 78% had no symptoms. Persons living below the poverty level were nearly 2½ times more likely to have depression than those at or above the poverty level. Almost 43% of persons with severe depressive symptoms reported serious difficulties in work, home, and social activities. Of those with severe symptoms, 35% reported having contact with a mental health professional in the past year. Depression is a serious medical illness with mood, cognitive, and physical symptoms (1). Depression is associated with higher rates of chronic disease, increased health care utilization, and impaired functioning (2,3). Rates of treatment remain low, and the treatment received is often inadequate (1). This data brief examines both depression and depressive symptom severity in the past 2 weeks from a symptom-based questionnaire, by demographic characteristics, functioning difficulties, and recent contact with a mental health professional. Severity is categorized as severe, moderate, mild, or no depressive symptoms. Current depression is defined as severe or moderate symptoms; no depression is defined as mild or no symptoms.
数据来自2009 - 2012年美国国家健康与营养检查调查。在2009 - 2012年期间，12岁及以上的美国人中有7.6%患有抑郁症（在过去两周内有中度或重度抑郁症状）。抑郁症在女性和40 - 59岁人群中更为普遍。12岁及以上的美国人中约3%有重度抑郁症状，而近78%没有症状。生活在贫困线以下的人患抑郁症的可能性几乎是处于或高于贫困线者的2.5倍。几乎43%有重度抑郁症状的人报告在工作、家庭和社交活动中存在严重困难。在有重度症状的人中，35%报告在过去一年中曾与心理健康专业人员接触过。抑郁症是一种严重的医学疾病，伴有情绪、认知和身体症状（1）。抑郁症与更高的慢性病发病率、更多的医疗保健利用以及功能受损有关（2,3）。治疗率仍然很低，而且所接受的治疗往往不充分（1）。本数据简报根据一份基于症状的问卷，按人口统计学特征、功能困难情况以及近期与心理健康专业人员的接触情况，对过去两周内的抑郁症及抑郁症状严重程度进行了研究。严重程度分为重度、中度、轻度或无抑郁症状。当前抑郁症定义为重度或中度症状；无抑郁症定义为轻度或无症状。
