Bjelland Annelin A, Dolva Frederik L, Nødtvedt Ane, Sævik Bente K
Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO box 8146 Dep., NO-0033, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO box 8146 Dep., NO-0033, Oslo, Norway.
Acta Vet Scand. 2014 Dec 5;56(1):81. doi: 10.1186/s13028-014-0081-z.
The importance of different allergens in association with IgE production and canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) has been poorly studied and few studies exist on factors influencing allergen-specific IgE antibodies in serum. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the prevalence of elevated IgE levels to different environmental allergens in Norwegian dogs with a suspicion of CAD. The secondary aim was to identify risk factors associated with elevated serum levels of allergen-specific IgE.
The study sample consisted of serum from 1313 dogs of 161 different breeds. All samples were submitted for serologic IgE-testing (Fc epsilon R1 alpha-based ELISA) based on suspicion of CAD. Overall, 84.3% of the dogs had elevated IgE levels to one or more of the allergen(s). The predominant allergens amongst the positive results were the indoor allergens (Acarus siro 84.0%, Dermatophagoides farinae 80.2%, Tyrophagus putrescentiae 79.9%). Sheep sorrel was the most commonly encountered outdoor allergen (40.0%). Only 2.6% of the dogs with elevated IgE levels were positive to flea saliva. The test results varied significantly depending on when the serum samples were taken. Samples taken during summer and autumn more often came out positive than samples taken during winter and spring. Geographical variations were also demonstrated. A greater proportion of females than males had positive test results, and more females than males tested positive to outdoor allergens. The mean age was significantly higher in the dogs testing positive than amongst the dogs testing negative. The allergen-specific IgE levels varied with breed. The boxer was the only breed with a significantly higher proportion of positive test results compared to the other breeds. Boxers also had a higher prevalence of elevated IgE levels to outdoor allergens, whereas the Rottweiler had a higher prevalence of elevated IgE levels to indoor allergens compared to the other breeds.
IgE hypersensitivity was most often associated with indoor allergens. Outdoor allergens were of minor importance and IgE reactivity to flea saliva was rare. Breed differences in allergen-specific IgE levels were identified. Season of sampling, and the dogs' geographical localisation, sex and age also affected the results of the IgE analysis.
不同过敏原与IgE产生及犬特应性皮炎（CAD）之间的关系尚未得到充分研究，关于影响血清中过敏原特异性IgE抗体的因素的研究也很少。这项横断面研究的目的是调查疑似患有CAD的挪威犬中针对不同环境过敏原的IgE水平升高的患病率。次要目的是确定与血清中过敏原特异性IgE水平升高相关的风险因素。
研究样本包括来自161个不同品种的1313只犬的血清。所有样本均因疑似CAD而提交进行血清IgE检测（基于FcεR1α的ELISA）。总体而言，84.3%的犬针对一种或多种过敏原的IgE水平升高。阳性结果中主要的过敏原是室内过敏原（欧洲粉螨84.0%、粉尘螨80.2%、腐食酪螨79.9%）。酸模是最常见的室外过敏原（40.0%）。IgE水平升高的犬中只有2.6%对跳蚤唾液呈阳性。检测结果因血清样本采集时间的不同而有显著差异。夏季和秋季采集的样本比冬季和春季采集的样本更常呈阳性。还显示出地理差异。检测结果呈阳性的雌性犬比雄性犬比例更高，且检测出对室外过敏原呈阳性的雌性犬比雄性犬更多。检测呈阳性的犬的平均年龄显著高于检测呈阴性的犬。过敏原特异性IgE水平因品种而异。与其他品种相比，拳师犬是唯一检测结果呈阳性比例显著更高的品种。拳师犬对室外过敏原的IgE水平升高的患病率也更高，而与其他品种相比，罗威纳犬对室内过敏原的IgE水平升高的患病率更高。
IgE超敏反应最常与室内过敏原相关。室外过敏原的重要性较小，对跳蚤唾液的IgE反应很少见。确定了过敏原特异性IgE水平的品种差异。采样季节、犬的地理位置、性别和年龄也会影响IgE分析的结果。
