Pandey Abhay K, Palni Uma T, Tripathi N N
Bacteriology and Natural Pesticide Laboratory, Department of Botany, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, 273009 Uttar Pradesh India.
Department of Botany, D. S. B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263002 Uttarakhand India.
J Food Sci Technol. 2014 Dec;51(12):4066-71. doi: 10.1007/s13197-012-0896-4. Epub 2012 Dec 4.
Essential oils from 35 aromatic and medicinal plant species of Gorakhpur Division (U. P., India) were evaluated for their repellent activity against pulse bruchids Callosobruchus chinensis L. and C. maculatus F. of stored pigeon pea seeds. The oil concentration was at 0.36 μl/ml. Out of 35 essential oils, Adhatoda vasica Ness and Chenopodium ambrosioides L. oils showed absolute (100 %) insect repellency. Chenopodium oil exhibited 100 % mortality for both the test insects at 10 μl concentration (LD50 = 2.8 μl for C. chinensis & 2.5 μl for C. maculatus) and more toxic than Adhatoda oil (LD50 = 6.8 μl for C. chinensis & 8.4 μl for C. maculatus). During in vivo evaluation, 0.29 and 0.58 μl/ml of Chenopodium oil significantly enhanced feeding deterrence in insects and reduced the seed damage as well as weight loss of fumigated pigeon pea seeds up to 6 months of storage as compared to control set. Thus, Chenopodium oil can be used as an effective option of commercial fumigants for the storage of pigeon pea seeds against pulse bruchids.
对印度北方邦戈勒克布尔地区35种芳香和药用植物的精油进行了评估，以测定其对储存的木豆种子中的绿豆象Callosobruchus chinensis L.和四纹豆象C. maculatus F.的驱避活性。精油浓度为0.36微升/毫升。在35种精油中，鸭嘴花Adhatoda vasica Ness和土荆芥Chenopodium ambrosioides L.的精油显示出绝对（100%）的昆虫驱避性。土荆芥精油在浓度为10微升时对两种受试昆虫的死亡率均为100%（绿豆象的半数致死剂量LD50 = 2.8微升，四纹豆象的LD50 = 2.5微升），且比鸭嘴花精油毒性更大（绿豆象的LD50 = 6.8微升，四纹豆象的LD50 = 8.4微升）。在体内评估中，与对照组相比，0.29和0.58微升/毫升的土荆芥精油显著增强了对昆虫的取食威慑作用，并减少了熏蒸处理的木豆种子在长达6个月储存期内的种子损害和重量损失。因此，土荆芥精油可作为一种有效的商业熏蒸剂，用于储存木豆种子以防治豆象。
