膳食补充剂二甲基戊胺的滥用可能性。
Abuse liability of the dietary supplement dimethylamylamine.
作者信息
Dolan Sean B, Gatch Michael B
机构信息
Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107-2699, United States.
出版信息
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015 Jan 1;146:97-102. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.11.006. Epub 2014 Nov 25.
BACKGROUND
Dimethylamylamine (DMAA) is a component of many dietary supplements and has recently been associated with numerous adverse effects, prompting the US military and World Anti-Doping Agency to ban its use as a supplement. The current study aimed to elucidate the abuse liability profile of DMAA.
METHODS
Dose-response studies of DMAA were performed with Swiss-Webster mice in locomotor and conditioned place-preference assays. The discriminative stimulus effects of DMAA were investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats trained to discriminate either cocaine or methamphetamine from saline.
RESULTS
DMAA produced dose-dependent locomotor depression and fully substituted for cocaine and partially substituted for methamphetamine. In the conditioned place-preference assay, DMAA produced an inverted-U-shaped dose-response curve, with intermediate doses producing significant place preference.
CONCLUSIONS
The cocaine- and methamphetamine-like discriminative stimulus effects and the conditioned place preference produced by DMAA suggest that is has potential for abuse. These findings in combination with reports of substantial adverse effects of DMAA in humans suggest that control of DMAA may warrant further consideration.
背景
二甲基戊胺（DMAA）是许多膳食补充剂的成分，最近它与众多不良反应相关联，这促使美国军方和世界反兴奋剂机构禁止将其用作补充剂。当前研究旨在阐明DMAA的滥用倾向特征。
方法
在自发活动和条件性位置偏爱试验中，用瑞士韦伯斯特小鼠进行DMAA的剂量反应研究。在经训练以区分可卡因或甲基苯丙胺与生理盐水的斯普拉格-道利大鼠中，研究DMAA的辨别刺激效应。
结果
DMAA产生剂量依赖性的自发活动抑制，并且能完全替代可卡因，部分替代甲基苯丙胺。在条件性位置偏爱试验中，DMAA产生倒U形剂量反应曲线，中等剂量产生显著的位置偏爱。
结论
DMAA产生的可卡因样和甲基苯丙胺样辨别刺激效应以及条件性位置偏爱表明它有滥用潜力。这些发现与DMAA对人类有大量不良反应的报道相结合，表明对DMAA的管控可能值得进一步考虑。
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