Austin Krista G, Travis John, Pace Gerry, Lieberman Harris R
US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, 01760, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Belcamp, MD, 21017, USA.
Drug Test Anal. 2014 Jul-Aug;6(7-8):797-804. doi: 10.1002/dta.1491. Epub 2013 May 22.
1,3-Dimethylamylamine (DMAA) is a sympathomimetic compound currently incorporated into some dietary supplements. Significant controversy exists regarding the 'natural' origin of DMAA, as claimed by manufacturers of supplements. Manufacturers often refer to its presence by the name Geranamine® implying that DMAA is found in the plant species Geranium and Pelargonium known collectively as Geraniaceae. This study determined whether DMAA is present in the plant species, Geranium and Pelargonium. In addition, concentrations of DMAA in popular dietary supplements and commercial Geranium and Pelargonium oils were assessed. One Pelargonium cultivar, one Geranium cultivar, three essential oils from Pelargonium or Geranium, raw DMAA powder, and seven dietary supplements (DS) sold as finished products and labelled as containing DMAA, or one of its synonyms, were analyzed for the presence of DMAA by ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). No measurable levels of DMAA in Geranium, Pelargonium or essential oils at a detection limit of 1-2 ng/g were present. UPLC/MS/MS analysis confirmed the presence of DMAA in spiked plant and oil samples, all seven DS products, and raw DMAA powder. Concentrations (weight%) of DMAA provided in DS ranged from 0.11% to 673%. This study indicates DMAA contained in DS is of a synthetic origin and is not present in the plant species Geranium and Pelargonium; thus the 'natural' origin and use of DMAA as an ingredient in DS is not substantiated.
1,3 - 二甲基戊胺（DMAA）是一种拟交感神经化合物，目前被添加到一些膳食补充剂中。关于补充剂制造商所宣称的DMAA的“天然”来源，存在重大争议。制造商经常以Geranamine®的名称提及它的存在，这意味着在统称为牻牛儿苗科的天竺葵属和老鹳草属植物物种中发现了DMAA。本研究确定了DMAA是否存在于天竺葵属和老鹳草属植物物种中。此外，还评估了流行膳食补充剂以及商业天竺葵油和老鹳草油中DMAA的浓度。通过超高效液相色谱串联质谱法（UPLC - MS/MS）分析了一个老鹳草品种、一个天竺葵品种、三种来自天竺葵或老鹳草的精油、DMAA原料粉末以及七种作为成品出售并标记含有DMAA或其同义词之一的膳食补充剂（DS）中DMAA的存在情况。在天竺葵、老鹳草或精油中，在检测限为1 - 2 ng/g时未检测到可测量水平的DMAA。UPLC/MS/MS分析证实了在加标植物和油样、所有七种DS产品以及DMAA原料粉末中存在DMAA。DS中提供的DMAA浓度（重量百分比）范围为0.11%至673%。本研究表明，DS中含有的DMAA是合成来源，不存在于天竺葵属和老鹳草属植物物种中；因此，DMAA作为DS成分的“天然”来源及使用并无事实依据。
