Gevonden M J, Myin-Germeys I, van den Brink W, van Os J, Selten J P, Booij J
Department of Psychiatry and Psychology,South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network,EURON,Maastricht University,Maastricht,The Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry,Academic Medical Center,University of Amsterdam,Amsterdam,The Netherlands.
Psychol Med. 2015 Jun;45(8):1665-74. doi: 10.1017/S0033291714002797. Epub 2014 Dec 8.
Minor stresses measured in daily life have repeatedly been associated with increased momentary psychotic experiences, both in individuals with psychotic disorders and in persons who are genetically at an increased risk for these disorders. Severe hearing impairment (SHI) is an environmental risk factor for psychotic disorder, possibly due to the experience of social exclusion. The aim of the current study is to investigate whether people with SHI exhibit higher levels of psychotic reactivity to social stressors in daily life than normal-hearing controls and whether this reactivity is associated with decreased baseline dopamine (DA) D2/3 receptor availability and/or elevated DA release following a dexamphetamine challenge.
We conducted an experience sampling study in 15 young adults with SHI and 19 matched normal-hearing controls who had previously participated in a single photon emission computed tomography study measuring DA D2/3 receptor availability and DA release in response to dexamphetamine.
The association between social stress and momentary psychotic experiences in daily life was stronger among SHI participants than among normal-hearing controls. Interactions between social stress and baseline striatal DA D2/3 receptor availability or DA release were not significant in multilevel models of momentary psychotic experiences including age, sex and tobacco use.
While both elevated striatal DA release and elevated psychotic stress reactivity have been found in the same population defined by an environmental risk factor, SHI, their inter-relationship cannot be established. Further research is warranted to clarify the association between biological and psychological endophenotypes and psychosis risk.
在日常生活中测量到的轻微压力反复与即时精神病体验增加相关，这在患有精神疾病的个体以及在遗传上患这些疾病风险增加的人群中均如此。严重听力障碍（SHI）是精神疾病的一个环境风险因素，可能是由于社会排斥经历所致。本研究的目的是调查与听力正常的对照组相比，患有SHI的人在日常生活中对社会应激源是否表现出更高水平的精神病反应性，以及这种反应性是否与基线多巴胺（DA）D2/3受体可用性降低和/或右旋苯丙胺激发后DA释放升高有关。
我们对15名患有SHI的年轻成年人和19名匹配的听力正常的对照组进行了一项经验抽样研究，这些对照组之前参与过一项单光子发射计算机断层扫描研究，该研究测量了DA D2/3受体可用性以及对右旋苯丙胺的DA释放情况。
在患有SHI的参与者中，社会压力与日常生活中的即时精神病体验之间的关联比听力正常的对照组更强。在包括年龄、性别和烟草使用情况的即时精神病体验的多层次模型中，社会压力与基线纹状体DA D2/3受体可用性或DA释放之间的相互作用并不显著。
虽然在由环境风险因素SHI定义的同一人群中发现了纹状体DA释放升高和精神病应激反应性升高，但它们之间的相互关系尚未确立。有必要进行进一步研究以阐明生物学和心理学内表型与精神病风险之间的关联。
