Soto Marion, Chaumontet Catherine, Even Patrick C, Nadkarni Nachiket, Piedcoq Julien, Darcel Nicolas, Tomé Daniel, Fromentin Gilles
AgroParisTech, CRNH-IdF, UMR0914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France.
INRA, CRNH-IdF, UMR0914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France.
Physiol Behav. 2015 Mar 1;140:44-53. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.12.008. Epub 2014 Dec 5.
Intake of sodas has been shown to increase energy intake and to contribute to obesity in humans and in animal models, although the magnitude and importance of these effects are still debated. Moreover, intake of sugar sweetened beverages is often associated with high-fat food consumption in humans. We studied two different accesses to a sucrose-sweetened water (SSW, 12.3%, a concentration similar to that usually found in sugar sweetened beverages) in C57BL/6 mice fed a normal-fat (NF) or a high-fat (HF) diet in a scheduled access (7.5h). NF-fed and HF-fed mice received during 5weeks access to water, to SSW continuously for 7.5h (SSW), or to water plus SSW for 2h (randomly-chosen time slot for only 5 random days/week) (SSW-2h). Mouse preference for SSW was greater in HF-fed mice than NF-fed mice. Continuous SSW access induced weight gain whatever the diet and led to greater caloric intake than mice drinking water in NF-fed mice and in the first three weeks in HF-fed mice. In HF-fed mice, 2h-intermittent access to SSW induced a greater body weight gain than mice drinking water, and led to hyperphagia on the HF diet when SSW was accessible compared to days without SSW 2h-access (leading to greater overall caloric intake), possibly through inactivation of the anorexigenic neuropeptide POMC in the hypothalamus. This was not observed in NF-fed mice, but 2h-intermittent access to SSW stimulated the expression of dopamine, opioid and endocannabinoid receptors in the nucleus accumbens compared to water-access. In conclusion, in mice, a sucrose solution provided 2h-intermittently and a high-fat diet have combined effects on peripheral and central homeostatic systems involved in food intake regulation, a finding which has significant implications for human obesity.
已有研究表明，摄入汽水会增加能量摄入，并导致人类和动物模型肥胖，尽管这些影响的程度和重要性仍存在争议。此外，在人类中，摄入含糖饮料往往与高脂肪食物的消费有关。我们研究了C57BL/6小鼠在正常脂肪（NF）或高脂肪（HF）饮食条件下，以两种不同方式获取蔗糖加甜水（SSW，12.3%，浓度与含糖饮料中常见浓度相似）的情况，获取时间为7.5小时的定时模式。喂食NF和HF的小鼠在5周内分别获取水、连续7.5小时获取SSW（SSW组），或获取水加SSW 2小时（每周仅5个随机日的随机时间段）（SSW - 2小时组）。喂食HF的小鼠对SSW的偏好高于喂食NF的小鼠。无论何种饮食，持续获取SSW都会导致体重增加，且与饮用普通水的小鼠相比，喂食NF的小鼠以及喂食HF的小鼠在前三周内，获取SSW的小鼠热量摄入更高。在喂食HF的小鼠中，与饮用普通水的小鼠相比，2小时间歇性获取SSW会导致体重增加更多，并且在可获取SSW时，与无法获取SSW 2小时的日子相比，在HF饮食时会导致食欲亢进（从而导致总体热量摄入更高），这可能是通过下丘脑厌食神经肽POMC失活实现的。在喂食NF的小鼠中未观察到此现象，但与获取普通水相比，2小时间歇性获取SSW会刺激伏隔核中多巴胺、阿片类和内源性大麻素受体的表达。总之，在小鼠中，间歇性2小时提供蔗糖溶液和高脂肪饮食对参与食物摄入调节的外周和中枢稳态系统具有联合作用，这一发现对人类肥胖具有重要意义。
