Soto Marion, Chaumontet Catherine, Even Patrick C, Azzout-Marniche Dalila, Tomé Daniel, Fromentin Gilles
AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France; INRA, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France.
AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France; INRA, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France.
Physiol Behav. 2017 Jun 1;175:47-55. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.03.024. Epub 2017 Mar 24.
Human consumption of obesogenic diets and soft drinks, sweetened with different molecules, is increasing worldwide, and increases the risk of metabolic diseases. We hypothesized that the chronic consumption of caloric (sucrose, high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), maltodextrin) and non-caloric (sucralose) solutions under 2-hour intermittent access, alongside the consumption of a high-fat high-sucrose diet, would result in differential obesity-associated metabolic abnormalities in mice. Male C57BL/6 mice had ad libitum access to an HFHS diet and to water (water control group). In addition, some mice had access, 2h/day, 5days/week (randomly chosen) for 12weeks, to different solutions: i) a sucrose solution (2.1kJ/ml), ii) an HFCS solution (2.1kJ/ml), iii) a maltodextrin solution (2.1kJ/ml) and a sucralose solution (60mM) (n=15/group). Despite no changes in total caloric intake, 2h-intermittent access to the sucrose, HFCS or maltodextrin solutions led to increased body weight and accumulation of lipids in the liver when compared to the group consuming water only. The HFCS and sucrose solutions induced a higher fat mass in various fat depots, glucose intolerance, increased glucose oxidation at the expense of lipid oxidation, and a lower hypothalamic expression of NPY in the fasted state. HFCS also reduced proopiomelanocortin expression in the hypothalamus. 2h-intermittent access to sucralose did not result in significant changes in body composition, but caused a stronger expression of CART in the hypothalamus. Finally, sucrose intake showed a trend to increase the expression of various receptors in the nucleus accumbens, linked to dopamine, opioid and endocannabinoid signaling. In conclusion, 2h-intermittent access to caloric solutions (especially those sweetened with sucrose and HFCS), but not sucralose, resulted in adverse metabolic consequences in high-fat high-sucrose-fed mice.
在全球范围内，人类对含有不同甜味剂的致肥胖饮食和软饮料的消费量正在增加，这也增加了患代谢性疾病的风险。我们推测，在2小时间歇性饮用的情况下，长期摄入含热量的（蔗糖、高果糖玉米糖浆（HFCS）、麦芽糊精）和不含热量的（三氯蔗糖）溶液，同时食用高脂肪高蔗糖饮食，会导致小鼠出现与肥胖相关的不同代谢异常。雄性C57BL/6小鼠可随意获取高脂肪高蔗糖饮食和水（水对照组）。此外，一些小鼠在12周内，每周5天、每天2小时（随机选择）可以饮用不同的溶液：i）蔗糖溶液（2.1kJ/ml），ii）高果糖玉米糖浆溶液（2.1kJ/ml），iii）麦芽糊精溶液（2.1kJ/ml）和三氯蔗糖溶液（60mM）（每组n = 15）。尽管总热量摄入没有变化，但与只饮水的组相比，2小时间歇性饮用蔗糖、高果糖玉米糖浆或麦芽糊精溶液会导致体重增加和肝脏脂质积累。高果糖玉米糖浆和蔗糖溶液在各个脂肪储存部位诱导了更高的脂肪量、葡萄糖不耐受、以脂质氧化为代价的葡萄糖氧化增加，以及禁食状态下下丘脑神经肽Y（NPY）表达降低。高果糖玉米糖浆还降低了下丘脑促阿片黑素皮质素原（POMC）的表达。2小时间歇性饮用三氯蔗糖不会导致身体成分发生显著变化，但会导致下丘脑可卡因-安非他明调节转录肽（CART）表达增强。最后，蔗糖摄入显示出增加伏隔核中与多巴胺、阿片类和内源性大麻素信号相关的各种受体表达的趋势。总之，2小时间歇性饮用含热量溶液（尤其是用蔗糖和高果糖玉米糖浆调味的溶液）而非三氯蔗糖，会给食用高脂肪高蔗糖饮食的小鼠带来不良代谢后果。
