Cserepes R E, Bugán A, Korösi T, Toth B, Rösner S, Strowitzki T, Wischmann T
Department of Behavioural Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
Kaáli Institute, Gyor, Hungary.
Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 2014 Nov;74(11):1009-1015. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1383235.
As gender role attitudes and the evaluation of parenthood and childlessness have subtle variations in each society, cross-country studies focusing on infertility are needed to draw a complex picture in the psychosocial context of infertility. This study investigates similarities and differences between German and Hungarian infertile couples regarding infertility specific quality of life and personal gender role attitudes. A cross-sectional study was conducted with data of 540 participants (270 couples) attending the first fertility consultation in one fertility clinic in Germany and in five fertility clinics in Hungary. Data were collected between February 2012 and March 2013. Two psychological questionnaires were applied: The FertiQoL to measure infertility specific quality of life and the PAQ to measure gender role attitudes like "instrumental" acting (as a traditional "masculine" attitude) and "expressive" communicating (as a traditional "femine" attitude) and their combinations "combined" attitude (as both "instrumental" and "expressive") and "neutral" attitude (neither "instrumental" nor "expressive"). German couples seeking assisted reproduction treatment are older aged and have longer lasting relationships than Hungarian couples. Hungarian couples scored higher on all quality of life scales than did German couples. In the Hungarian group, "combined" attitudes (use of both "expressive" and "instrumental" attitudes) is associated with higher levels of quality of life compared with other gender role attitudes. In the German group, individuals with "combined" attitudes seem to show better quality of life than those in "expressive" and "neutral" clusters. The strategy of using combined "expressive" and "instrumental" attitudes proved to act as a buffer against infertility-related stress for both members of the couple in two European countries and can therefore be recommended as helpful in counselling the infertile couple.
由于每个社会中性别角色态度以及对为人父母和无子女状态的评价都存在细微差异，因此需要开展关注不孕症的跨国研究，以便在不孕症的社会心理背景下勾勒出一幅复杂的图景。本研究调查了德国和匈牙利不孕夫妇在不孕症特定生活质量和个人性别角色态度方面的异同。对德国一家生育诊所和匈牙利五家生育诊所中参加首次生育咨询的540名参与者（270对夫妇）的数据进行了横断面研究。数据收集于2012年2月至2013年3月之间。应用了两份心理问卷：用于测量不孕症特定生活质量的《生育生活质量问卷》（FertiQoL）和用于测量性别角色态度的《个人态度问卷》（PAQ），如“工具性”行为（作为传统的“男性化”态度）和“表达性”沟通（作为传统的“女性化”态度）及其组合“综合”态度（兼具“工具性”和“表达性”）和“中性”态度（既非“工具性”也非“表达性”）。寻求辅助生殖治疗的德国夫妇比匈牙利夫妇年龄更大，关系持续时间更长。匈牙利夫妇在所有生活质量量表上的得分均高于德国夫妇。在匈牙利组中，与其他性别角色态度相比，“综合”态度（同时使用“表达性”和“工具性”态度）与更高的生活质量水平相关。在德国组中，具有“综合”态度的个体似乎比“表达性”和“中性”群体中的个体表现出更好的生活质量。事实证明，在两个欧洲国家，采用“表达性”和“工具性”相结合的态度策略可作为夫妻双方应对不孕症相关压力的缓冲，因此可推荐用于为不孕夫妇提供咨询服务。
