Sadana Dinkar J, Sharma Yugal K, Chaudhari Nitin D, Dash Kedarnath, Rizvi Alia, Jethani Sumit
Department of Dermatology, Leprology and Venereology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Department of Community Medicine, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Indian J Dermatol. 2014 Nov;59(6):552-7. doi: 10.4103/0019-5154.143509.
The spectrum of dermatological manifestations during neonatal period varies from transient self-limiting conditions to serious dermatoses; the latter, fortunately few, are disproportionately stressful to the parents, who due to lack of specialized pediatric dermatology clinics frequently get tossed between a dermatologist and a pediatrician.
This study was formulated to record cutaneous changes over the first five postnatal days of life and to statistically correlate those changes occurring in ≥ 11 neonates with three (parity, associated illnesses, and mode of delivery) maternal and three (sex, birth weight, and gestational age) neonatal factors.
This descriptive, cross-sectional study at a tertiary care hospital entailed recording detailed dermatological examination of 300 neonates having some (physiological and/or pathological) cutaneous changes and their statistical evaluation using the Chi-square test and significance (P < 0.05) as above.
Superficial cutaneous desquamation (SCD), Mongolian spots (MS), and erythema toxicum neonatorum (ETN) were the first three common changes among a total of 15 conditions observed overall; these three, as also milia and icterus, revealed statistical significance with both maternal as well as neonatal factors. Lanugo and napkin dermatitis (ND) were statistically significant with respect to two neonatal factors and cradle cap (CC), a single maternal factor. Gestational age was of statistical significance regarding five cutaneous changes, associated maternal illness during pregnancy regarding four, birth weight as well as parity regarding three each, and sex of the neonate as well as mode of delivery regarding two each.
Despite observing a statistically significant correlation of eight cutaneous changes with three maternal and/or three neonatal factors, more extensive studies in neonatal dermatology are required for validation of these unique statistical correlations.
新生儿期的皮肤表现范围从短暂的自限性病症到严重的皮肤病；幸运的是，后者数量较少，但给父母带来的压力却不成比例，由于缺乏专门的儿科皮肤科诊所，他们经常在皮肤科医生和儿科医生之间辗转。
本研究旨在记录出生后前五天的皮肤变化，并对≥11例新生儿出现的这些变化与三个母亲因素（产次、相关疾病和分娩方式）和三个新生儿因素（性别、出生体重和胎龄）进行统计学关联分析。
在一家三级护理医院进行的这项描述性横断面研究，需要记录300例有某些（生理性和/或病理性）皮肤变化的新生儿的详细皮肤科检查情况，并使用卡方检验进行统计学评估，显著性水平设定为上述的P < 0.05。
在总共观察到的15种情况中，浅表皮肤脱屑（SCD）、蒙古斑（MS）和新生儿毒性红斑（ETN）是前三种常见变化；这三种变化以及粟丘疹和黄疸，在母亲和新生儿因素方面均显示出统计学意义。胎毛和尿布皮炎（ND）在两个新生儿因素方面具有统计学意义，摇篮帽（CC）在一个母亲因素方面具有统计学意义。胎龄在五种皮肤变化方面具有统计学意义，孕期母亲相关疾病在四种皮肤变化方面具有统计学意义，出生体重和产次在三种皮肤变化方面各具有统计学意义，新生儿性别和分娩方式在两种皮肤变化方面各具有统计学意义。
尽管观察到八种皮肤变化与三个母亲和/或三个新生儿因素之间存在统计学显著相关性，但仍需要在新生儿皮肤病学领域进行更广泛的研究来验证这些独特的统计相关性。
