Falls W A, Kelsey J E
Department of Psychology, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine 04240.
Behav Neurosci. 1989 Aug;103(4):842-9. doi: 10.1037//0735-7044.103.4.842.
Rats previously injected with morphine in the presence of a distinct environment (paired animals) were more tolerant to the analgesic effects of morphine in that environment than were rats previously injected with morphine in another environment (unpaired animals). When injected with saline instead of morphine in the distinct environment, paired animals were more reactive to pain (hyperalgesic) than unpaired animals, but no more reactive to pain than animals never given morphine. More important, the paired animals also exhibited more withdrawal symptoms (wet dog shakes, genital licking, circling, rearing, and defecation) during abstinence and naltrexone-precipitated withdrawal in the distinct environment than did the unpaired and saline animals. Thus, procedures that are capable of producing context-specific opiate tolerance are also capable of producing context-specific opiate withdrawal.
之前在一个独特环境中注射吗啡的大鼠（配对动物），相较于之前在另一个环境中注射吗啡的大鼠（非配对动物），在该环境中对吗啡的镇痛作用更具耐受性。当在独特环境中注射生理盐水而非吗啡时，配对动物比非配对动物对疼痛更敏感（痛觉过敏），但并不比从未注射过吗啡的动物对疼痛更敏感。更重要的是，在独特环境中戒断期间以及纳曲酮诱发的戒断过程中，配对动物比非配对动物和注射生理盐水的动物表现出更多的戒断症状（湿狗样抖动、舔舐生殖器、转圈、直立和排便）。因此，能够产生特定环境下阿片类药物耐受性的程序，也能够产生特定环境下的阿片类药物戒断反应。
