工作记忆与句法及语篇歧义的修正
Working memory and the revision of syntactic and discourse ambiguities.
作者信息
Evans William S, Caplan David, Ostrowski Adam, Michaud Jennifer, Guarino Anthony J, Waters Gloria
机构信息
Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Boston University.
Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital.
出版信息
Can J Exp Psychol. 2015 Mar;69(1):136-55. doi: 10.1037/cep0000037. Epub 2014 Dec 8.
Abstract
Two hundred participants, 50 in each of 4 age ranges (19-29 years, 30-49 years, 50-69 years, 70-90 years) were tested for short-term working memory, speed of processing, and online processing of 3 types of sentences in which an initially assigned syntactic structure and/or semantic interpretation had to be revised. Self-paced reading times were longer for the segments that signaled the need for revision; there also were interactions of age and sentence type and speed of processing and sentence type, but not of working memory and sentence type on reading times for these segments. The results provide evidence that working memory does not support the processes that revise the structure and interpretation of sentences and discourse.
摘要
200名参与者，分为4个年龄组（19 - 29岁、30 - 49岁、50 - 69岁、70 - 90岁），每组50人，接受了短期工作记忆、处理速度以及对3种类型句子的在线处理测试，这些句子需要对最初指定的句法结构和/或语义解释进行修改。对于表明需要修改的部分，自定步速阅读时间更长；在这些部分的阅读时间上，还存在年龄与句子类型、处理速度与句子类型之间的交互作用，但工作记忆与句子类型之间不存在交互作用。结果表明，工作记忆并不支持修改句子和语篇结构及解释的过程。
相似文献
1
Working memory and the revision of syntactic and discourse ambiguities.工作记忆与句法及语篇歧义的修正
Can J Exp Psychol. 2015 Mar;69(1):136-55. doi: 10.1037/cep0000037. Epub 2014 Dec 8.
2
Aging and individual differences in binding during sentence understanding: evidence from temporary and global syntactic attachment ambiguities.句子理解过程中联结的衰老与个体差异：来自临时和全局句法依存歧义的证据。
Cognition. 2014 Feb;130(2):157-73. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2013.10.005. Epub 2013 Nov 30.
3
Children's verbal working memory: role of processing complexity in predicting spoken sentence comprehension.儿童言语工作记忆：加工复杂性在预测口语句子理解中的作用。
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2012 Jun;55(3):669-82. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2011/11-0111). Epub 2012 Jan 5.
4
Effects of age, speed of processing, and working memory on comprehension of sentences with relative clauses.年龄、加工速度和工作记忆对关系从句句子理解的影响。
Psychol Aging. 2011 Jun;26(2):439-50. doi: 10.1037/a0021837.
5
The effect of individual differences in working memory capacity on sentence comprehension: an FMRI study.工作记忆容量个体差异对句子理解的影响：一项 fMRI 研究。
Brain Topogr. 2013 Jul;26(3):458-67. doi: 10.1007/s10548-012-0264-8. Epub 2012 Nov 5.
6
The role of the striatum in sentence processing: disentangling syntax from working memory in Huntington's disease.纹状体在句子处理中的作用：在亨廷顿病中从工作记忆中分离语法。
Neuropsychologia. 2012 Sep;50(11):2625-35. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.07.014. Epub 2012 Jul 20.
7
Adult age differences in wrap-up during sentence comprehension: evidence from ex-Gaussian distributional analyses of reading time.成人在句子理解中结束阶段的年龄差异：来自阅读时间的超伽马分布分析的证据。
Psychol Aging. 2014 Jun;29(2):213-28. doi: 10.1037/a0036282.
8
Verbal short-term memory capacities and executive function in semantic and syntactic interference resolution during sentence comprehension: Evidence from aphasia.言语短期记忆容量和执行功能在句子理解中的语义和句法干扰解决中的作用：来自失语症的证据。
Neuropsychologia. 2018 May;113:111-125. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.03.001. Epub 2018 Mar 7.
9
Age differences in the recruitment of syntactic analysis and semantic plausibility during sentence comprehension.句子理解过程中句法分析和语义合理性的招募在年龄上的差异。
J Gen Psychol. 2024 Oct-Dec;151(4):444-466. doi: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2283107. Epub 2023 Nov 19.
10
How accentuation influences semantic short-term memory representations during on-line speech processing: an event-related potential study.重音如何影响在线言语处理过程中的语义短时记忆表征：一项事件相关电位研究。
Neuroscience. 2011 Oct 13;193:217-28. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.07.010. Epub 2011 Jul 20.
引用本文的文献
1
Studying Individual Differences in Language Comprehension: The Challenges of Item-Level Variability and Well-Matched Control Conditions.研究语言理解中的个体差异：项目层面变异性和匹配良好的对照条件所带来的挑战。
J Cogn. 2023 Sep 7;6(1):54. doi: 10.5334/joc.317. eCollection 2023.
2
The effect of aging on context use and reliance on context in speech: A behavioral experiment with Repeat-Recall Test.衰老对言语中语境运用及对语境依赖的影响：一项采用重复回忆测试的行为实验
Front Aging Neurosci. 2022 Jul 22;14:924193. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.924193. eCollection 2022.
3
Narrative Discourse in Young and Older Adults: Behavioral and NIRS Analyses.年轻人和老年人的叙事话语：行为学与近红外光谱分析
Front Aging Neurosci. 2018 Mar 16;10:69. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00069. eCollection 2018.
4
Semantic and Syntactic Interference in Sentence Comprehension: A Comparison of Working Memory Models.句子理解中的语义和句法干扰：工作记忆模型比较
Front Psychol. 2017 Feb 15;8:198. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00198. eCollection 2017.
5
Effort Not Speed Characterizes Comprehension of Spoken Sentences by Older Adults with Mild Hearing Impairment.努力而非速度是轻度听力受损老年人理解口语句子的特征。
Front Aging Neurosci. 2017 Jan 10;8:329. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00329. eCollection 2016.
本文引用的文献
1
The syntactic complexity of Russian relative clauses.俄语关系从句的句法复杂性。
J Mem Lang. 2013 Nov 1;69(4):461-496. doi: 10.1016/j.jml.2012.10.005.
2
Random effects structure for confirmatory hypothesis testing: Keep it maximal.用于验证性假设检验的随机效应结构：保持其最大化。
J Mem Lang. 2013 Apr;68(3). doi: 10.1016/j.jml.2012.11.001.
3
Slave systems in verbal short-term memory.言语短期记忆中的从属系统。
Aphasiology. 2012 Jan 1;26(3-4). doi: 10.1080/02687038.2011.642795.
4
Aging and individual differences in binding during sentence understanding: evidence from temporary and global syntactic attachment ambiguities.句子理解过程中联结的衰老与个体差异：来自临时和全局句法依存歧义的证据。
Cognition. 2014 Feb;130(2):157-73. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2013.10.005. Epub 2013 Nov 30.
5
Working memory and language comprehension: A meta-analysis.工作记忆与语言理解：一项元分析。
Psychon Bull Rev. 1996 Dec;3(4):422-33. doi: 10.3758/BF03214546.
6
Memory mechanisms supporting syntactic comprehension.支持句法理解的记忆机制。
Psychon Bull Rev. 2013 Apr;20(2):243-68. doi: 10.3758/s13423-012-0369-9.
7
Isolating exogenous and endogenous modes of temporal attention.分离时间注意的外源性和内源性模式。
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2013 May;142(2):560-72. doi: 10.1037/a0029023. Epub 2012 Jul 2.
8
Effects of concurrent arithmetical and syntactic complexity on self-paced reaction times and eye fixations.同时考虑算术复杂度和句法复杂度对自主反应时和眼动注视的影响。
Psychon Bull Rev. 2011 Dec;18(6):1203-11. doi: 10.3758/s13423-011-0159-9.
9
Effects of age, speed of processing, and working memory on comprehension of sentences with relative clauses.年龄、加工速度和工作记忆对关系从句句子理解的影响。
Psychol Aging. 2011 Jun;26(2):439-50. doi: 10.1037/a0021837.
10
Modeling working memory: a computational implementation of the Time-Based Resource-Sharing theory.工作记忆建模：基于时间的资源共享理论的计算实现。
Psychon Bull Rev. 2011 Feb;18(1):10-45. doi: 10.3758/s13423-010-0020-6.
Zotero 插件