Huili Ji, Haosheng Lu, Dengke Pan
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
Yi Chuan. 2014 Dec;36(12):1211-8. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2014.1211.
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a technology by which a highly differentiated somatic nucleus is transferred into an enucleated oocyte to generate a reconstructed embryo that subsequently develops to an offspring. However, to date, the efficiency of cloned animal is still low. The major reason is incomplete nuclear reprogramming of donor cells after nuclear transfer, which results in abnormal epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone acetylation, gene imprinting, X-chromosome inactivation, and telomere length. Most improvements have been made in somatic epigenetic reprogramming with small molecules and manipulating expression of specific genes. It is expected that SCNT will soon have broad applications in both basic research and practical production. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in epigenetic reprogramming by somatic cell nuclear transfer; in particular, we focus on strategies for rescuing the epigenetic errors occurring during SCNT.
体细胞核移植（SCNT）是一项将高度分化的体细胞核转移到去核卵母细胞中以产生重构胚胎，该胚胎随后发育为后代的技术。然而，迄今为止，克隆动物的效率仍然很低。主要原因是核移植后供体细胞的核重编程不完全，这导致异常的表观遗传修饰，包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白乙酰化、基因印记、X染色体失活和端粒长度。在体表观遗传重编程方面，利用小分子和操纵特定基因的表达已经取得了大多数进展。预计SCNT不久将在基础研究和实际生产中得到广泛应用。在本综述中，我们总结了体细胞核移植在表观遗传重编程方面的最新进展；特别是，我们重点关注挽救体细胞核移植过程中出现的表观遗传错误的策略。
