Forterre F, Casoni D, Tomek A, Karli P, Howard J, Precht C
Prof. Franck Forterre, DVM, DECVS, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Small Animal Surgery, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 128, 3012 Berne, Switzerland, Phone: +41 31 6312401, Fax: +41 31 6312275, E-mail:
Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2015;28(1):73-8. doi: 10.3415/VCOT-14-08-0116. Epub 2014 Dec 9.
Cervical vertebral (C) malformation is rarely reported in large breed dogs. Congenital cervical kyphosis (CCK) may result from defects of vertebral segmentation, failure of formation or both. This report describes two cases of C3-C4 CCK in young sighthounds, treated surgically.
An 18-month-old female Deerhound and a six-week-old female Borzoi dog were presented because of the complaints of reluctance to exercise and signs of of neck pain. Both dogs were neurologically normal. Diagnostic imaging revealed C3-C4 deformity, moderate kyphosis, and spinal canal stenosis associated with chronic spinal cord pressure atrophy. Both dogs underwent surgical treatment.
A staged two-step surgery starting with dorsal decompression was elected in the Deerhound. After the first surgical procedure, the dog developed focal myelomalacia and phrenic nerve paralysis and was euthanatized. A ventral distraction-fusion technique with two locking plates was performed in the Borzoi. This patient recovered uneventfully and long-term follow-up computed tomography revealed complete spondylodesis.
Until now, CCK has only been described in sighthounds. Congenital cervical kyphosis might be considered a differential diagnosis in these breeds that are presented with signs of cervical pain. Ventral realignment-fusion and bone grafting may be considered for surgical treatment, although the earliest age at which this procedure can and should be performed remains unclear.
大型犬中颈椎畸形的报道较少。先天性颈椎后凸（CCK）可能由椎体节段缺陷、形成失败或两者兼而有之引起。本报告描述了两例年轻视觉猎犬的C3 - C4 CCK病例，并进行了手术治疗。
一只18个月大的雌性猎鹿犬和一只6周大的雌性俄罗斯猎狼犬因不愿运动和颈部疼痛症状前来就诊。两只狗神经功能均正常。诊断性影像学检查显示C3 - C4畸形、中度后凸以及与慢性脊髓压迫性萎缩相关的椎管狭窄。两只狗均接受了手术治疗。
猎鹿犬选择了从后路减压开始的分阶段两步手术。第一次手术后，该犬出现局灶性脊髓软化和膈神经麻痹，最终实施了安乐死。俄罗斯猎狼犬采用了带有两个锁定钢板的前路撑开融合技术。该患者恢复顺利，长期随访的计算机断层扫描显示完全脊柱融合。
到目前为止，CCK仅在视觉猎犬中被描述。对于出现颈部疼痛症状的这些品种，先天性颈椎后凸可能应被视为鉴别诊断。虽然该手术能够且应该实施的最早年龄仍不明确，但前路复位融合和植骨可考虑作为手术治疗方法。
