Dall'Ara P, Meloni T, Rota A, Servida F, Filipe J, Veronesi M C
Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Theriogenology. 2015 Mar 1;83(4):766-71. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.11.013. Epub 2014 Nov 14.
In the dog, the endotheliochorial placenta allows only the 5% to 10% transfer of maternal antibodies to the fetus, but the timing and the factors influencing the immunoglobulin G (IgG) transplacental transport were not fully investigated. The aims of the present study were the following: (1) to assess the presence of both IgG and lysozyme in amniotic and allantoic fluids collected from fully developed and viable newborn puppies born by elective cesarean section at term and possible correlations between amniotic and allantoic IgG and lysozyme levels; (2) to verify possible differences in IgG and lysozyme concentrations between the two fluids; and (3) to detect possible differences in IgG and lysozyme fetal fluid levels in relation to the maternal breed body size and parity, as well as to the neonatal gender. The study, performed on 41 purebred bitches submitted to elective cesarean section at term, enrolled 142 puppies, 74 males and 68 females, born mature, viable, without gross malformations, and with a normal weight. At surgery, a total of 129 amniotic and 84 allantoic samples were collected for IgG and lysozyme analysis. Class G immunoglobulins and lysozyme were detected in both fluids, but IgG concentrations were higher (P < 0.01) in amniotic fluid. Moreover, a significant positive correlation (P < 0.01) between IgG amniotic and allantoic levels, but not for lysozyme, was observed. A significant effect of the maternal parity (P < 0.05), but not of the breed body size, on the amniotic IgG concentrations was found, whereas the newborn gender was not associated to different IgG or lysozyme amniotic or allantoic levels. Given the significant contributions of fetal fluids to fetal and neonatal health, the results reported that the amniotic and allantoic fluids play a role in the immune protection of the fetus/newborn also in canine species. However, additional research is needed to better elucidate both the origin of IgG and lysozyme and the factors influencing the wide interindividual variations.
在犬类中，内皮绒毛膜胎盘仅允许5%至10%的母体抗体转移至胎儿，但免疫球蛋白G（IgG）经胎盘转运的时间及影响因素尚未得到充分研究。本研究的目的如下：（1）评估从足月择期剖宫产出生的发育完全且存活的新生幼犬收集的羊水和尿囊中IgG和溶菌酶的存在情况，以及羊水和尿囊IgG与溶菌酶水平之间的可能相关性；（2）验证两种液体中IgG和溶菌酶浓度的可能差异；（3）检测与母体品种体型、胎次以及新生儿性别相关的IgG和溶菌酶胎儿液体水平的可能差异。该研究对41只足月接受择期剖宫产的纯种母犬进行，纳入了142只幼犬，其中74只为雄性，68只为雌性，出生时成熟、存活，无明显畸形且体重正常。手术时，共收集了129份羊水样本和84份尿囊样本用于IgG和溶菌酶分析。在两种液体中均检测到了G类免疫球蛋白和溶菌酶，但羊水中的IgG浓度更高（P < 0.01）。此外，观察到羊水和尿囊IgG水平之间存在显著正相关（P < 0.01），但溶菌酶不存在这种相关性。发现母体胎次对羊水IgG浓度有显著影响（P < 0.05），但品种体型无此影响，而新生儿性别与羊水或尿囊中不同的IgG或溶菌酶水平无关。鉴于胎儿液体对胎儿和新生儿健康的重要贡献，研究结果表明羊水和尿囊液在犬类物种中对胎儿/新生儿的免疫保护也发挥着作用。然而，需要进一步研究以更好地阐明IgG和溶菌酶的来源以及影响个体间广泛差异的因素。
