Cornelius Carl-Peter, Audigé Laurent, Kunz Christoph, Rudderman Randal, Buitrago-Téllez Carlos H, Frodel John, Prein Joachim
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, München, Germany.
AO Clinical Investigation and Documentation, AO Foundation, Düebendorf, Switzerland ; Research and Development Department, Schulthess Clinic, Zürich, Switzerland.
Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr. 2014 Dec;7(Suppl 1):S015-30. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1389557.
This tutorial outlines the details of the AOCMF image-based classification system for fractures of the mandible at the precision level 2 allowing description of their topographical distribution. A short introduction about the anatomy is made. Mandibular fractures are classified by the anatomic regions involved. For this purpose, the mandible is delineated into an array of nine regions identified by letters: the symphysis/parasymphysis region anteriorly, two body regions on each lateral side, combined angle and ascending ramus regions, and finally the condylar and coronoid processes. A precise definition of the demarcation lines between these regions is given for the unambiguous allocation of fractures. Four transition zones allow an accurate topographic assignment if fractures end up in or run across the borders of anatomic regions. These zones are defined between angle/ramus and body, and between body and symphysis/parasymphysis. A fracture is classified as "confined" as long as it is located within a region, in contrast to a fracture being "nonconfined" when it extents to an adjoining region. Illustrations and case examples of mandible fractures are presented to become familiar with the classification procedure in daily routine.
本教程概述了下颌骨骨折的基于图像的AO颅颌面骨折分类系统在精度2级时的详细情况，该系统可描述骨折的地形分布。文中对下颌骨解剖结构进行了简要介绍。下颌骨骨折按所涉及的解剖区域进行分类。为此，下颌骨被划分为九个由字母标识的区域：前方的正中联合/旁正中联合区域、两侧的两个体部区域、联合角和升支区域，以及最后的髁突和冠突。给出了这些区域之间分界线的精确定义，以便明确骨折的归属。如果骨折位于或跨越解剖区域的边界，四个过渡区可实现精确的地形定位。这些区域定义在角/升支与体部之间，以及体部与正中联合/旁正中联合之间。只要骨折位于一个区域内，就被分类为“局限型”，与之相对的是，当骨折延伸至相邻区域时则为“非局限型”。文中展示了下颌骨骨折的插图和病例示例，以便在日常工作中熟悉分类程序。
